Abstract
The research analyzed the impact of Mate Marote, a recreational software specially designed to stimulate Executive Functions, on different cognitive skills in the early childhood education stage. A quantitative experimental design was conducted in which 83 students aged 4 years old, on average, from three public schools in Spain participated. Students in the control group attended one of the schools (n=39), while students from the other two schools (n=44) were randomly assigned to one of two existing experimental groups (CI and S). While the members of the CI group played video games that mainly allowed them to exercise inhibitory control, those of the S group played video games designed to also stimulate working memory and cognitive flexibility. The intervention lasted 7 weeks. Participants played two or three times a week for 15 minutes at most each time. The results revealed improvements in basic executive functions in the two experimental groups, compared to the control group. The specific training of the S group had a greater impact on attention and inhibitory control than that of the CI group. En esta investigación se analizó el impacto de Mate Marote, un software lúdico especialmente diseñado para estimular las funciones ejecutivas, sobre distintas habilidades cognitivas en la etapa de educación infantil. Se realizó un diseño experimental cuantitativo en el que participaron 83 estudiantes de 4 años, en promedio, de tres escuelas públicas en España. Los estudiantes del grupo de control pertenecían a una de las escuelas (n=39), en tanto que los estudiantes de las otras dos escuelas (n=44) fueron asignados de forma aleatoria a uno de dos grupos experimentales existentes (CI y S). Mientras que los integrantes del grupo CI jugaron a videojuegos que permiten trabajar mayormente el control inhibitorio, los del grupo S jugaron a videojuegos diseñados para trabajar también la memoria de trabajo y la flexibilidad cognitiva. La intervención duró 7 semanas. Los participantes jugaron dos o tres veces por semana durante 15 minutos, como máximo cada vez. Los resultados revelaron mejoras concretas de los dos grupos experimentales, respecto al grupo de control, en las funciones ejecutivas básicas. El entrenamiento específico del grupo S tuvo un mayor impacto en la atención y el control inhibitorio que el del grupo CI.
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