Abstract
The study has been carried out to investigate acute oral toxicity, acute dermal toxicity in SPF rats and dermal irritation in rabbits. The result shows: 1) acute oral toxicity test shows that LD50 of saponins from Sapindus mukorossi is 9260 mg/kg (95% confidence interval is 6360 - 13,500 mg/kg) and 7940 mg/kg (95% confidence interval is 4890 - 12,900 mg/kg); 2) acute dermal toxicity test shows that LD50 of saponins from Sapindus mukorossi is more than 5000 mg/kg in both female and male Wistar rats; 3) dermal irritation test in rabbits shows that the average score of dermal irritation per day of each rabbit is zero after 14 days of continuous dermal irritation. According to the classification standard of toxicity in “Hygienic Standard for Cosmetics” (2002 version), the sample is classified as “practical nontoxic” and “non dermal irritation”. Thus, we can conclude that the saponin extraction from S. mukorossi Gaerth is safe for cosmetics.
Highlights
The species of the genus of Sapindus belonging to the Sapindaceae has about five to twelve species of shrubs and small trees (FRPS, 1998)
In this study we evaluated saponins from Sapindus mukorossi to study acute oral toxicity, acute dermal toxicity in SPF rats and dermal irritation in rabbits
The result of acute oral toxicity test showed that LD50 of saponins from
Summary
The species of the genus of Sapindus belonging to the Sapindaceae has about five to twelve species of shrubs and small trees (FRPS, 1998). Members of the genus are commonly known as soapberries or soapnuts because the fruit pulp is used to make soap (FRPS, 1998). A natural non-ionic surfactant, has a good emulsifying, separating and dispersing capability and is a good foaming and foam stabilizer with a great cleaning capacity (Zhang et al, 1993). It can be used as foam stabilizer for building concrete (Lin, 1977) pesticide synergist (Hong & Tokunaga, 2000) and antiviral, and reducing blood pressure
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