Abstract
Increases in the use and the progressive manufacture of new Engineered Nanomaterials (ENMs) lead to inquire about their impact on the environment. Due to the small size, high reactivity inside organisms and the unusual physicochemical properties of the ENMs, the predictions of toxicity are very complex. The zebrafish (Danio rerio) has been granted as a practical alternative to study the toxicity of ENMs. In this article the toxic effects of silver nanoparticles, titanium oxide nanoparticles, zinc oxide nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes, copper nanoparticles, gold nanoparticles, cadmium nanoparticles and nano plastics were reviewed trough the most recent literature available. Every ENMs should be studied in depth independently, considering co-exposures, environmental matrices, the effects of variations in size and concentrations, the potential effects of prolonged exposure, the coverage of ENMs, specific organism and targeted organs. This information will help to identify deficiencies in research trends and reinforce the safest ways to use ENMs.
Highlights
The Engineered Nanomaterials (ENMs) are very innovative products that have a wide field of utilities, so they can access the environment
Humic substance, carbohydrates and proteins can play an important role in reducing the adverse effects of ENMs released in aquatic environments (Kteeba et al, 2017)
single walled CNTs (SWCNTs) functionalized with polyethylene glycol are toxic without being absorbed by the organism and the effects are shown in the mortality, the delay of the hatching, malformations, reductions in body length, the increase in Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) generation and DNA damage (Cordeiro et al, 2018)
Summary
The Engineered Nanomaterials (ENMs) are very innovative products that have a wide field of utilities, so they can access the environment. D. rerio is used to evaluate the potential toxic effects of ENMs. Zebrafish as Biological Model
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