Abstract
Electronic cigarettes (EC) have gained popularity among smokers due to their taste, smell, appearance, and easy availability compared to traditional cigarettes, as well as the perception that they are safer than traditional cigarettes. These devices result in aerosols containing nicotine, propylene glycol, glycerin, ethylene glycol, vitamin E, and chemical flavors inhaled into the lungs. Other components found in these vapors include heavy metals such as nickel, chromium, lead, manganese, and tin. In addition, some ingredients volatilization leads to toxic aldehydes formation such as formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, and acrolein. Smoking cigarettes is addictive and has been associated with many health issues such as heart disease, lung cancer, etc. Rising awareness of these dangers moves more people towards these electronic delivery systems, reducing the health effects of cigarettes. The toxicity of EC’s ingredients is well studied when ingested; however, their toxicity through inhalation remains unclear. Consequently, the use of ECs has become a significant concern worldwide and raises whether it is indeed safe to use. This paper will serve as a literature review paper to discuss the toxicity of commonly found ingredients in ECs and their associated health issues. Our conclusion emphasizes that even though smoking EC is less risker than smoking traditional cigarettes, it is still not safe due to the potentially harmful effect these E-cig’s ingredients have on the human’s health. In addition, E-cigarette’s aerosol could also contain toxic compounds such as formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, and acrolein due to glycerin’s thermo-degradation.
Highlights
Electronic cigarettes (EC) are often referred to as e-cigarettes, personal vaporizers, electronic smoking machines, and electronic nicotine delivery systems
Electronic cigarettes (EC) have gained popularity among smokers due to their taste, smell, appearance, and easy availability compared to traditional cigarettes, as well as the perception that they are safer than traditional cigarettes
These devices result in aerosols containing nicotine, propylene glycol, glycerin, ethylene glycol, vitamin E, and chemical flavors inhaled into the lungs
Summary
Electronic cigarettes (EC) are often referred to as e-cigarettes, personal vaporizers, electronic smoking machines, and electronic nicotine delivery systems. As they would to a regular cigarette, the sensor triggers, causing the atomizer to heat the e-liquid in the cartridge Some of these devices are refillable with vape juice, and others are disposable. It would make sense to expect cancer risk to decrease due to the absence of tobacco in ECs compared to TCs. there is uncertainty in the carcinogen of other components found in these devices, such as humectants and flavorings present in ECs. Exposure to EC vapor was shown to cause lung cancer in mice, and symptoms of early stages of bladder cancer were visible in the animals, according to findings from the National Institute of Environmental Health Science [8]. The loss of CFTR activity has been linked to the progression of asthma, hypertension, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
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