Toxicity Studies of Lactobacillus plantarum PS128TM Isolated from Spontaneously Fermented Mustard Greens.

Po-Lin Liao,Wu-Shun Peng,Tai-Ying Chen,Chien-Chen Wu,Ying-Chieh Tsai,Deng-Jye Yang,Jaw-Jou Kang

doi:10.3390/foods8120668

Po-Lin Liao, Wu-Shun Peng + Show 5 more

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https://doi.org/10.3390/foods8120668

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Abstract

Probiotics are extensively available to consumers; however, the use of probiotics may not always be safe, and there are few reports on their side effects, including those of Lactobacillus. Lactobacillus plantarum strain PS128TM isolated from spontaneously fermented mustard greens in Taiwan was recently reported to exhibit probiotic properties. In this study, we aimed to assess the safety of strain PS128TM for use in humans via examining genotoxic and oral toxic effects using in vitro and in vivo testing. Five strains of Salmonella typhimurium were evaluated by the Ames test; no signs of increased reverse mutation were observed following exposure to PS128TM. Additional testing of Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells exposed to PS128TM revealed that the incidence of chromosomal aberrations in CHO cells had not increased. PS128TM treatment also did not affect the proportion of immature to total erythrocytes or the number of micronuclei in the immature erythrocytes of ICR mice. Moreover, following a 28 day study involving repeated oral dose toxicity tests (2400, 400, and 40 mg/kg body weight) utilizing an ICR mouse model, no observable adverse level (NOAEL) was found at any of the doses. PS128TM was sensitive to antibiotics; however, genes related to the production of biogenic amines were absent. While further research is required, these toxicological assessments suggest that PS128TM could be safe for human consumption.

Highlights

Probiotics are defined as live microorganisms that, when administered in adequate amounts, exert beneficial health effects on the host [1]
The percentage of reticulocytes to the total erythrocytes (%) and the incidence of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MNPCEs) in ICR mice treated with PS128TM at 0.5, 1, and 2 g/kg body weight indicated no significant difference compared to the control group by in vivo micronucleus assay (Table 3)
These results showed that PS128TM was negative to mutagenicity and clastogenicity evaluation

Summary

Introduction

Probiotics are defined as live microorganisms that, when administered in adequate amounts, exert beneficial health effects on the host [1]. Numerous studies have demonstrated the diverse benefits of probiotics [2], including anti-inflammatory effects [3], gut protection [4], attenuation of metabolic dysfunction [5], regulation of immune response [6], anti-allergic effect [7], alleviation of diarrhea [8], beneficial alterations in intestinal flora, and alleviation of gastrointestinal motility disorders. Lactobacillus plantarum PS128TM was isolated from spontaneously fermented mustard greens in Taiwan [9]. Intake of this bacteria increased locomotor activity and dopamine and serotonin levels and reduced anxiety-like behavior in germ-free mice [9]. Serum analysis results showed reduced levels of corticosterone and inflammatory cytokines as well as increased levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines.

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