Abstract
Objective: The objective of the study was to evaluate the toxicity profile of Celastrus paniculatus (CP) by performing a preclinical study on Swiss albino mice and demonstrate a safety description through monitoring their autonomic, neurological, behavioral, physical, and biochemistry profiles.
 Methods: The toxicity profiles (acute and subacute) of CP were evaluated using Swiss albino mice in which they were divided into four groups: Group I received 1% Tween 20 and dimethyl sulfoxide. Group II, III, and IV received CP seed oil orally, at doses of 300, 2000, and 5000 mg/kg body weight for both acute and subacute toxicity studies in accordance with Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development guidelines No. 423. Special attention was given during the first 4 h and daily thereafter for a total of 14 days. Behavioral profile, physical state changes, and other parameters such as tremors, convulsion, lethargy were noted. Clinical signs were observed daily during the 28 days of the treatment period. Body weights were measured once a week. On the 29th day, the animals were kept to overnight and blood samples were collected through retro-orbital puncture for biochemical analysis.
 Results: In both acute and subacute toxicity studies, the treatment with CP did not affect the normal health status of animals. It is suggestive that CP is considered practically non-toxic.
 Conclusion: The toxicity profile of CP seed oil was evaluated and found to be safe until 2000 mg/kg dose.
Highlights
Herbal plants have been used from ancient times for the treatment of several diseases in the indigenous system of medicine [1]
28.56 ml water was added to the powdered acacia slowly with trituration to form a smooth mucilage followed by the addition of 0.28 ml Celastrus paniculatus (CP) seed oil and triturated to obtain an even mixture
Preliminary phytochemical screening Preliminary phytochemical screening of CP seed oil was performed and the observations are summarized in Table 1: Acute toxicity study As per the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) guidelines, to establish the safety and efficacy of a new drug, toxicological studies are crucial in animals like mice, rat, guinea pig, dog, rabbit, and monkey under various conditions of the drug employed
Summary
Herbal plants have been used from ancient times for the treatment of several diseases in the indigenous system of medicine [1]. The seeds of the plant when extracted with petroleum ether yield dark brown oil known as Celastrus oil or Malkangni oil are known to have an effect on the central nervous system, mainly the memory-enhancing activity and stimulating effects [3]. Celastrus oil therapy in mentally retarded children results in an improvement in their intelligence quotient as it contains a number of fatty acids such as oleic, linoleic, linolenic, palmitic, stearic, benzoic, and acetic acid as volatile acids and their glycerol esters mainly α, α’ dipalmitoyl glycerol. They contain sesquiterpene alkaloids – celapanin, celapanigin celapagin, and malkangunine [9]
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