Abstract
The intermittent chlorination of power plant cooling waters often results in the appearance of residual chlorine in the receiving waters. Laboratory bioassays were conducted at 5, 10, 15, and 20 C to determine the toxicity of residual chlorine exposures of 30 min to the copepods Limnocalanus macrurus and Cyclops bicuspidatus thomasi. The 30-min TL-50 was 1.54 mg/liter for L. macrurus at both 5 and 10 C. For C. b. thomasi, the 30-min TL-50 values for exposures at 10, 15, and 20 C were 14.68, 15.61, and 5.76 mg/liter, respectively. The concentrations of residual chlorine causing 5% mortality (30-min TL-5) were used to predict "safe" levels for 30-min exposures. The predicted "safe" concentrations were 0.9 mg/liter for L. macrurus and 0.5 mg/liter for C. b. thomasi. These concentrations roughly coincide with the maximal chlorine levels characteristic of most power plant effluents.
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