Abstract
In this study, two phosphonium based ionic liquids (butyl triphenyl phosphonium chloride and hexyl triphenyl phosphonium bromide) have been synthesized using quarternisation process. The toxicities of these Ionic Liquids (ILs) are unknown and may be harmful to humans and the environment. Therefore, the toxicity assessment of these ILs was carried out according to the Organization for Economic Cooperation and
Highlights
Range and non-volatile behaviour and can be used for a broad range of industrial applications
The toxicity assessment of these Ionic Liquids (ILs) was carried out according to the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) 203 guideline using female guppy fish (Poecilia reticulata)
The screening tests for the two ILs were conducted with the concentration of 100 mg L−1 as limit test, which showed the range of toxicity below 100 mg L−1 and it lies between 50 to 100 mg L−1
Summary
Range and non-volatile behaviour and can be used for a broad range of industrial applications. ILs typically intensive information and data regarding ILs’ physical consist of bulky organic cations, such as imidazolium, and thermodynamic properties have been reported and pyridinium, ammonium, phosphonium, paired with various anions, such as hexaflurophosphate (PF6-), bromide (Br-) (Pernak et al, 2005; Freire et al, 2006; Flieger, 2011; Peric et al, 2012) They are currently considered as a continuously published, only limited data with regard to the toxicity and ecotoxicity were reported (Bernot et al, 2005a; 2005b; Latala et al, 2005; Pretti et al, 2006; Madria et al, 2013). To our knowledge there is no published literature regarding the toxicity (LC50) of these ILs
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