Toxicidade de inseticidas utilizados na cultura da cana-de-açúcar à bactéria diazotrófica Herbaspirillum seropedicae

Abstract

Although sugarcane crop responds to nitrogen fertilization, especially in sugarcane ratoon, the use of mineral sources of N is one of the factors of great economic impact in sugarcane production. Studies indicate that the use of diazotrophic bacteria can supply part of the need of nitrogen for this crop. The objective of this study was to identify pesticides used in the cultivation of sugarcane that do not affect the growth or cause harm to the ability of biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) of the diazotrophic bacterium Herbaspirillum seropedicae. Five insecticides (imidacloprid, fipronil, thiamethoxam, endosulfan and carbofuran) were tested in their respective commercial doses regarding their impact on bacteria growth. The parameters analyzed were duration of the lag phase, generation time and maximum cell density. The impact of pesticides on the nitrogenase activity of H. seropedicae grown in semi-solid medium was also assessed. Endosulfan and carbofuran hindered the growth of diazotrophic bacteria H. seropedicae, but did not reduce the BNF in vitro. Carbofuran increased the generation time and reduced the lag phase duration of H. seropedicae. Endosulfan increased its lag phase duration. Imidacloprid, fipronil and thiamethoxam did not cause any toxic effects to the growth and BNF in vitro of the diazotrophic bacteria H. seropedicae.