Toxic effects of butylated hydroxytoluene in rats

Yamama Z Alabdaly,Entisar R Abed,Entisar Kh Al-Hamdany

doi:10.33899/ijvs.2020.126435.1322

Abstract

This study aimed to assess the acute toxicity in rats of heated and un heatedbutylated hydroxytoluene (BHT). Sunflower oil dissolved BHT, heated at 98±2ºC by a water bath. The animals were divided into five groups. The control group dosage orally with sunflower oil, the first group treated with 250 mg/kg BHT, the second group treated with 250 mg/kg heated, BHT the third group treated with 500 mg/kg BHT and the fourth group treated with 500 mg/kg heated BHT. All groups received oral treatment. The results showed a substantial reduction in motor activity relative to other groups at a dose of 250 mg/kg heated BHT. There was a substantial distinction in the negative geotaxis test in groups of 500 mg/kg heated and un-heated BHT, while a cliff avoidance test in the heat treated dose of 250 and 500 mg/kg was observed in the cliff avoidance test compared to other groups. A significant reduction occurred in all groups in the pocketing and dorsal tonic immobility test. The pathological changes of heated BHT groups were more severe than those of un-heated BHT groups especially the dose of 500 mg/kg heated BHT. It represented by coagulative necrosis, muscle atrophy in heart, interstitial pneumonia, serofibrinous exudate, pulmonary emphysema in lung and neuronal degeneration, microgliosis, myelin vacuolation and satellitosis in the brain. The study concluded that heated BHT at a dose of 250 and 500 mg/kg had toxic effects to motor and neurobehavioral activity, and histopathological changes in the brain, heart, and lung.

Highlights

Butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) is the most commonly used antioxidant in consumer products worldwide as an antioxidant, including canned food, baby sweets, potato chips, silage, cosmetics and plastics
The control group dosage orally with sunflower oil, the first group treated with 250 mg/kg BHT, the second group treated with 250 mg/kg heated, BHT the third group treated with 500 mg/kg BHT and the fourth group treated with 500 mg/kg heated BHT
The results of the neurobehavioral and motor activity test showed a delay at the starting latency in animals treated with heated BHT at a dose of 500 mg/kg compared to other groups (Table 1), and a decrease in the number of crossed squares in heated 250,500 mg/kg and unheated 500mg/kg when compared with control group, there was a significant decrease in rearing in heated and unheated 250 mg/kg as compared to control group and group of unheated 500 mg/kg (Table 1)

Summary

Introduction

Butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) is the most commonly used antioxidant in consumer products worldwide as an antioxidant, including canned food, baby sweets, potato chips, silage, cosmetics and plastics. Home storage is largely uncontrolled so that when the packaging integrity is broken, the product will be exposed to a variety of temperatures and humidity along with increased oxygen exposure [1]. Excessive intake of sweets and canned and fast food, especially re-heating, which already using sunflower oil for deep fried, leads to harmful health effects. The long-term treatment of BHT is capable of producing oxidative and metabolic changes similar to certain pathological disorders [3]. Taking doses greater than 500 mg/kg/day produces some pathological, enzymatic, and fatty changes with some carcinogenic conditions in rodents [2]

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