Abstract
This paper aims to assess the possibilities of using current and incoming fifth generation (5G) devices as millimeter wave (mmWave) imagers. For this purpose, previous works about freehand scanning with compact devices working at mmWave frequencies are herein extended. In particular, a new tracking unit is now attached to the scanning device so the main parts of the freehand imager, namely the radiofrequency (RF) and tracking subsystems, become portable and not depend on external systems. Specifically, this work illustrates the possibilities of 5G devices working at the mmWave band as imagers. Results supporting that the embedded tracking unit provides enough accuracy are described and compared with an accurate reference system. The impact of the final image is also considered revealing that the shape of imaged objects can be easily identified.
Highlights
The advent of fifth generation (5G) technology [1] has brought a new set of outstanding features to our hands, being low-latency and higher bandwidth the flagship characteristics
This flexibility, which is coupled to the use of compact devices, is a key feature of all freehand systems, which have been used for other applications such as ultrasound medical imaging [3], [4], direct mapping of electromagnetic sources in the context of electromagnetic compatibility [5], or antenna measurement [6]
The reference images were obtained employing the position and attitude data from the scanner measured with a high-accuracy infrared optical tracking system [34], which will be considered as the groundtruth, to coherently combine the radar acquisitions
Summary
The advent of fifth generation (5G) technology [1] has brought a new set of outstanding features to our hands, being low-latency and higher bandwidth the flagship characteristics. Freehand mmWave imaging is a novel technique, which is able to generate an electromagnetic image with capacity to see through certain materials such as paperboard, smoke or clothing by just doing arbitrary traces with our hand over the volume to be imaged. This flexibility, which is coupled to the use of compact devices, is a key feature of all freehand systems, which have been used for other applications such as ultrasound medical imaging [3], [4], direct mapping of electromagnetic sources in the context of electromagnetic compatibility [5], or antenna measurement [6]. Despite the tracking system can be and quickly deployed and calibrated, it still prevents the development of fully compact devices with freehand imaging capabilities
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