Abstract
Sustainable development is regarded as a pivotal factor for smart urban planning. Transit-Oriented Development (TOD) is a well-known land use transportation integration (LUTI) planning method, which can fulfill sustainable development objectives. In this study, a new spatial index is developed to measure TOD levels in neighborhoods of Tehran, the capital of Iran. To develop the TOD index, several criteria and indicators are first computed using spatial analyses, before being aggregated using a fuzzy-analytic hierarchy process (fuzzy-AHP). The fuzzy-AHP method generates three types of factor maps: that are optimistic, pessimistic, and moderate. This process evaluates the sensitivity of the TOD index by determining the indicators’ weights from various views, or perspectives. The results of this sensitivity analysis show the robustness of results from various views. Furthermore, in order to assess the efficiency of the proposed method, the moderate TOD-level map is compared with both the level of public transit services and trip attraction in neighborhoods. This comparison shows that the TOD map has an accuracy of 77 percent in urban modeling, which verifies the efficiency of the proposed method for measuring TOD.
Highlights
Introduction and Background to TopicIn recent decades, cities have expanded dramatically due to rapid urbanization processes
The absence of an applicable and efficient planning approach comprising a wide range of urban planning components—including transportation, land use, and infrastructures—demands that researchers develop integrated planning methods
One of these approaches, which can adequately address the fragmented planning of urban areas, is regional Transit-Oriented Development (TOD) planning
Summary
Introduction and Background to TopicIn recent decades, cities have expanded dramatically due to rapid urbanization processes. A significant rise in the use of private cars over public transit is one of the most conspicuous issues in many of cities. This issue can lead to both environmentally and non-environmentally harmful consequences, such as traffic congestion, global warming, climate change, environmental pollution, and socio-economic problems [3,4]. In most developing countries, the existing public transportation services are unsuccessful in attracting people because land use characteristics are not considered when planning and designing public transit. To facilitate decision-making processes in urban areas, it is necessary to integrate land use and public transportation planning into a comprehensive index [4,5,6,7]
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