Abstract
This research activity, conducted in collaboration with the Aero-Naval Operations Department of the Guardia di Finanza of Bari as part of the Special Commissioner for urgent measures of reclamation, environmental improvements and redevelopment of Taranto’s measurement, is based on the use of a high-resolution airborne sensor, mounted on board a helicopter to identify and map all in operation and abandoned mussel farming in the first and second inlet of Mar Piccolo. In addition, factors able to compromise the environmental status of the Mar Piccolo ecosystem were also evaluated. The methodological workflow developed lets extract significant individual frames from the captured video tracks, improves images by applying five image processing algorithms, georeferences the individual frames based on flight data, and implements the processed data in a thematic Geographical Information System. All mussel farms, in operation and derelict, all partially submerged and/or water-coated invisible to navigation poles and other elements such as illegal fishing nets and marine litter on the seabed up to about 2 m deep, have been identified and mapped. The creation of an instant, high-precision cartographic representation made it possible to identify the anthropogenic pressures on the Mar Piccolo of Taranto and the necessary actions for better management of the area.
Highlights
IntroductionThe recent development of remote sensing techniques has contributed significantly to improving the ability to monitor coastal areas more efficiently, providing cost-fitting spatially distributed data [1,2].Many different observing sensors are used to measure the qualitative parameters of water bodies, i.e. suspended sediments, dissolved organic matter (DOM), chlorophyll-a, and pollutants, map coastal areas and monitor anthropogenic pressures [3].They are divided into two main categories based on the platforms used to locate them.Airborne sensors are assembled on a platform within the Earth’s atmosphere (i.e. helicopter, aircraft, etc.), and spaceborne sensors are mounted on spacecraft or satellites outside of theEarth’s atmosphere [4].Airborne sensors have greater spectral and spatial resolutions compared to spaceborne sensors [5,6].Among the most commonly used sensors, there are digital cameras, Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR), Synthetic-aperture radar (SAR), MultiSpectral and Iperspectral
Over 5000 frames were georeferenced for a total of over 126 GB of files in Tagged Image File Format (TIFF) format have been produced relating to ultra-detailed mapping of the over 80 videos acquired by the Guardia di Finanza
All these details were not possible to map with the aerial images of the Puglia region in 2016 as they are subject to the influence of waves that confuse the interpretation of the images, while this does not happen with the Leonardo Electro-Optic Surveillance System (LEOSS) sensor (Figure 10a)
Summary
The recent development of remote sensing techniques has contributed significantly to improving the ability to monitor coastal areas more efficiently, providing cost-fitting spatially distributed data [1,2].Many different observing sensors are used to measure the qualitative parameters of water bodies, i.e. suspended sediments, dissolved organic matter (DOM), chlorophyll-a, and pollutants, map coastal areas and monitor anthropogenic pressures [3].They are divided into two main categories based on the platforms used to locate them.Airborne sensors are assembled on a platform within the Earth’s atmosphere (i.e. helicopter, aircraft, etc.), and spaceborne sensors are mounted on spacecraft or satellites outside of theEarth’s atmosphere [4].Airborne sensors have greater spectral and spatial resolutions compared to spaceborne sensors [5,6].Among the most commonly used sensors, there are digital cameras, Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR), Synthetic-aperture radar (SAR), MultiSpectral and Iperspectral. Many different observing sensors are used to measure the qualitative parameters of water bodies, i.e. suspended sediments, dissolved organic matter (DOM), chlorophyll-a, and pollutants, map coastal areas and monitor anthropogenic pressures [3]. They are divided into two main categories based on the platforms used to locate them. Airborne sensors are assembled on a platform within the Earth’s atmosphere (i.e. helicopter, aircraft, etc.), and spaceborne sensors are mounted on spacecraft or satellites outside of the. Airborne sensors have greater spectral and spatial resolutions compared to spaceborne sensors [5,6].
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