Abstract
ABSTRACTTill now, we have concentrated on intraspecific fusion between two H. annuus genotypes: 47302 bed and HA300B. A reproducible protocol for isolation and culture of heterokaryons has been established, and optimization of heterokaryon production and regeneration is in progress. Characterization of hybrid calli by isozyme analysis is functional and their molecular analysis is under way.One of the great interests of protoplasts fusion is that, besides the nuclear genome, the chloroplastic and mitochondrial genomes may also be transferred generating new nuclear-cytoplasmic combinations. This technique represents a powerful approach to organelle genetics. Sexual incompatibilities between species may be overcome by protoplast fusion allowing to enlarge the genetic variability, especially if wild species are used.For protoplast fusion, several steps must be mastered: plant regeneration from protoplasts of at least one of the two species, somatic hybridization itself and the subsequent culture steps, and di...
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