Towards predictive modeling of crystallization fouling: A pseudo-dynamic approach

Abstract

In this work, a new computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model is developed to characterize a crystallization fouling process mathematically. The introduced method incorporates a pseudo-dynamic scheme where the dynamic fouling process is approximated as a set of sequential steady-state processes taken place in a continuously varying geometric domain. This unique approach allows the characterization of mass, momentum and heat conservations of a continuous flow of liquid over a growing fouling layer. Dynamic evolution of the fouling layer surface (even with a complex shape) and its intricate interactions with hydrodynamics and fouling kinetics can then be rigorously taken into account. The introduced model was validated using the experimental data for a calcium sulphate fouling system. Furthermore, the effects of the solution chemistry and operating conditions on fouling resistance evolution were quantified through a comprehensive parametric study. As a predictive tool, this model could be especially useful for the identification of effective fouling mitigation or even elimination strategies.