Abstract
A smart grid will require, to greater or lesser degrees, advanced tools for planning and operation, broadly accepted communications platforms, smart sensors and controls, and real-time pricing. The smart grid has been described as something of an ecosystem with constantly communication, proactive, and virtually self-aware. The use of smart grid has a lot of economical and environmental advantages; however it has a downside of instability and unpredictability introduced by distributed generation (DG) from renewable energy into the public electric systems. Variable energies such as solar and wind power have a lack of stability and to avoid short-term fluctuations in power supplied to the grid, a local storage subsystem could be used to provide higher quality and stability in the fed energy. Energy storage systems (ESSs) would be a facilitator of smart grid deployment and a “small amount” of storage would have a “great impact” on the future power grid. The smart grid, with its various superior communications and control features, would make it possible to integrate the potential application of widely dispersed battery storage systems as well other ESSs. This work deals with a detailed updated review on available ESSs applications in future smart power grids. It also highlights latest projects carried out on different ESSs throughout all around the world.
Highlights
The world’s electricity systems face a number of challenges, including aging infrastructure, continuous increase in demand, the integration of growing numbers of variable renewable energy distributed generation (DG) and electric and hybrid electric vehicles, the need to improve the security of power supply, and the need to lower carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions [1,2,3]
The use of smart grid has a lot of economical and environmental advantages; it has a downside of instability and unpredictability introduced by distributed generation (DG) from renewable energy into the public electric systems
The smart grid and the technologies embodied within it are an essential set of investments that will help bring our electric grid into the 21st century using megabytes of data to move megawatts of electricity more efficiently, reliably, and affordably [5,6,7,8,9]
Summary
The world’s electricity systems face a number of challenges, including aging infrastructure, continuous increase in demand, the integration of growing numbers of variable renewable energy DGs and electric and hybrid electric vehicles, the need to improve the security of power supply, and the need to lower carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions [1,2,3]. These challenges must be addressed with regard to each region’s unique technical, economic, and commercial regulatory environment [4].
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