Abstract
A Process Development Unit (PDU) has been built to test Pd membranes with a capacity of 8.5 N m 3/h H 2 product, exceeding typical lab scale testing by orders of magnitude. The inhibition effect of water–gas shift (WGS) components on the H 2 permeation was investigated through three Pd membranes of 44 cm long in parallel configuration with the WGS composition: 4.0% CO, 19.2% CO 2, 15.4% H 2O, 1.2% CH 4 and 60.1% H 2 representing the reformate gas from an oxygen-fed autothermal reformer followed by a shift reactor, at near practical operation conditions: 673 K, 20–35 bar(a) feed pressure and 30–90 NL/min feed flow rate. The inhibition effect of WGS-components resulted in a H 2 flux decrease of around 20% compared to H 2/N 2 mixtures with the same H 2 concentration, which increased with feed pressure. CO and CO 2 both had inhibitive effects on the H 2 permeation. CO was more inhibitive than same amount CO 2 but CO 2 showed a stronger inhibition effect than CO in the WGS-mixtures due to its 4 times higher amount. The H 2 flux of WGS-mixtures remained unchanged at 673 K in short stability tests. The influence of mass transfer on the H 2 permeation was found to be significant and there was no apparent change in the mass transfer resistance with the variation of feed pressure.
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