Abstract
Disasters (natural or man-made) can be lethal to human life, the environment, and infrastructure. The recent advancements in the Internet of Things (IoT) and the evolution in big data analytics (BDA) technologies have provided an open opportunity to develop highly needed disaster resilient smart city environments. In this paper, we propose and discuss the novel reference architecture and philosophy of a disaster resilient smart city (DRSC) through the integration of the IoT and BDA technologies. The proposed architecture offers a generic solution for disaster management activities in smart city incentives. A combination of the Hadoop Ecosystem and Spark are reviewed to develop an efficient DRSC environment that supports both real-time and offline analysis. The implementation model of the environment consists of data harvesting, data aggregation, data pre-processing, and big data analytics and service platform. A variety of datasets (i.e., smart buildings, city pollution, traffic simulator, and twitter) are utilized for the validation and evaluation of the system to detect and generate alerts for a fire in a building, pollution level in the city, emergency evacuation path, and the collection of information about natural disasters (i.e., earthquakes and tsunamis). The evaluation of the system efficiency is measured in terms of processing time and throughput that demonstrates the performance superiority of the proposed architecture. Moreover, the key challenges faced are identified and briefly discussed.
Highlights
The intensity of disasters has increased in the last few decades
The system developed with a combination of the Hadoop ecosystem and Spark engine is considered as the main station
This study proposed a conceptual architecture for a novel Disaster Resilient Smart City concept by integrating Big Data Analytics (BDA) and
Summary
The intensity of disasters (natural or man-made) has increased in the last few decades. IFRC, world disaster report 2018 [1] identified 3,751 natural disasters such as earthquake, flood, tsunami, etc., that occurred in the last 10 years globally, costing total damage of 1,658 billion USD and affecting over 2 billion people. A total of 118 man-made disasters such as nuclear meltdowns, structure failures, transportation accidents, terrorism acts, etc., were reported in 2017 only, resulting in more than 3000 deaths [2]. Disaster management activities are carried out through the collaboration of various concerned government and private sector authorities.
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