Abstract
Abstract The insertion of a needle into soft inhomogeneous tissue is required for many medical procedures. It has been shown that vibratory needle insertion methods have the ability to reduce insertion forces, which are correlated with increased needle placement precision, and reduced frequency and intensity of pain and trauma felt. This paper reviews different vibratory needle insertion methods that have been studied experimentally, addressing vibration generation, vibration frequency and amplitude, and force measurement. Reductions of up to 73 % in peak insertion force (150 Hz), and 37 % in placement error (15 Hz) were reported. Additionally, ultrasonic vibration (84 kHz) reduced the force by up to 28 %. The results of vibratory insertion show promise, specifically in regard to automated needle devices.
Highlights
Venipuncture describes the process of inserting a needle into a vein in order to gain intravenous access
Needle sizes are given in Birmingham gauge (G) which specifies the external diameter of needles
It is difficult to determine a general relationship between the vibration properties and insertion force
Summary
Venipuncture describes the process of inserting a needle into a vein in order to gain intravenous access. One of the most common reasons for venipuncture is blood draw, which is in turn one of the most common invasive procedures overall in health care [1]. An automated and/or robot-assisted venipuncture could improve the procedure to increase patient comfort and reduce erroneous laboratory blood samples. Before such a device can be made effective, needle insertion forces and placement needs to be studied. Lower insertion forces have been shown to reduce the pain felt by patients [2, 6]. Currently a wide range of vibration methods have been developed making direct comparison difficult
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