Abstract
With the pressure of the increasing density of urban areas, some public infrastructures are moving to the underground to free up space above, such as utility lines, rail lines and roads. In the big data era, the three-dimensional (3D) data can be beneficial to understand the complex urban area. Comparing to spatial data and information of the above ground, we lack the precise and detailed information about underground infrastructures, such as the spatial information of underground infrastructure, the ownership of underground objects and the interdependence of infrastructures in the above and below ground. How can we map reliable 3D underground utility networks and use them in the land administration? First, to explain the importance of this work and find a possible solution, this paper observes the current issues of the existing underground utility database in Singapore. A framework for utility data governance is proposed to manage the work process from the underground utility data capture to data usage. This is the backbone to support the coordination of different roles in the utility data governance and usage. Then, an initial design of the 3D underground utility data model is introduced to describe the 3D geometric and spatial information about underground utility data and connect it to the cadastral parcel for land administration. In the case study, the newly collected data from mobile Ground Penetrating Radar is integrated with the existing utility data for 3D modelling. It is expected to explore the integration of new collected 3D data, the existing 2D data and cadastral information for land administration of underground utilities.
Highlights
Rapid urbanization creates a strong need to optimize land use in densely populated cities
This paper focuses on the design of the framework of data governance and underground utility data model
This work aims at bridging the gap between underground utility surveying and data governance for land administration
Summary
Rapid urbanization creates a strong need to optimize land use in densely populated cities. Attention is shifting from the very limited available space above ground to generation and increased use of underground spaces. Comparing to the above ground, underground is an unseen space. The trench for the building and maintenance of underground infrastructure costs a lot of money, as well as faces high risks. A prerequisite for including the underground in urban planning is the availability of sufficiently complete, accurate and up-to-date 3D maps of the underground. Such maps are not yet widely available, if at all, and the required data acquisition is much more challenging than for spaces above ground
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