Abstract
Energy hole is an inherent problem caused by heavier traffic loads of sensor nodes nearer the sink because of more frequent data transmission, which is strongly dependent on the topology induced by the sensor deployment. In this paper, we propose an autonomous sensor redeployment algorithm to balance energy consumption and mitigate energy hole for unattended mobile sensor networks. First, with the target area divided into several equal width coronas, we present a mathematical problem modeling sensor node layout as well as transmission pattern to maximize network coverage and reduce communication cost. And then, by calculating the optimal node density for each corona to avoid energy hole, a fully distributed movement algorithm is proposed, which can achieve an optimal distribution quickly only by pushing or pulling its one-hop neighbors. The simulation results demonstrate that our algorithm achieves a much smaller average moving distance and a much longer network lifetime than existing algorithms and can eliminate the energy hole problem effectively.
Highlights
A typical wireless sensor network (WSN) is composed of hundreds of sensor nodes reporting their data to the information collector, referred to as the sink node
Because the energy-aware transmission can avoid retransmitting the same sensing data, the total messages transferred in each round are much smaller; (2) since the uniform deployment ignores the traffic imbalance, the innermost corona has the largest traffic load and most energy consumption, as shown in Figure 7(a); (3) the nonuniform deployment combined with Pt scheme can achieve a suboptimal distribution; (4) the energy consumption of the whole working set is almost equal in our approach
We have given a theoretical analysis on energy consumption using nonuniform distribution strategy
Summary
A typical wireless sensor network (WSN) is composed of hundreds of sensor nodes reporting their data to the information collector, referred to as the sink node. The resource-limited sensor nodes are dropped from airborne vehicles for remote surveying of unattended environment without a preconfigured infrastructure Those sensor nodes are typically left unattended and remain static after initial deployment. Among them, taking advantage of sensor mobility to enhance network lifetime has attracted extensive attention [4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11] Most of these traditional approaches aimed at having uniform deployment to achieve full coverage using a minimum number of sensor nodes. These approaches do not consider the issue of unbalanced energy depletion with distance to a predetermined sink.
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
