Abstract
A free-float bike-sharing system faces various operational challenges to maintain good service quality while optimizing the operational cost. The primary problems include the fulfillment of the users demand at all stations, and the replacement of faulty bikes presented in the system. This study focuses on a free-float bike-sharing system rebalancing problem (FFBP) with faulty bikes using battery electric vehicles (BEVs). The target inventory of bikes at each station is obtained while minimizing the total traveling time through the presented formulation. Using CPLEX solver, the model is demonstrated through numerical experiments considering the various vehicle and battery capacities, and a cost–benefit analysis is performed for BEV and conventional internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEVs) while taking the BEV manufacturing and indirect emission into account. The results show that the annual cost incurred on an ICEV is 56.9% more as compared to the cost of using an equivalent BEV. Since BEVs consume less energy than conventional ICEVs, the use of BEVs for rebalancing the bike-sharing systems results in significant energy savings for an urban transport network. Moreover, the life cycle emissions of an ICEV are 48.3% more as compared to an equivalent BEV. Furthermore, the operational cost of a BEV significantly reduces with the increase in battery capacity.
Highlights
The health of economic growth is closely linked to the transport system
This study focused on the use of battery electric vehicles (BEVs) instead of using conventional internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEVs) deployed for the rebalancing a free-float bike sharing system (FFBS)
The results show that the solutions are not bikes at a station exceeds the capacity of the vehicle, these may have a significant effect on the route muchofsensitive to the minor increase or drop in the number faulty bikes
Summary
The health of economic growth is closely linked to the transport system. the current transport systems are mainly powered by internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEVs). BEVs can be brought to the charging station during daily activities Because of this unique feature, an electric vehicle routing problem (EVRP) is significantly different from traditional VRP. With the rapid increase in the number of dockless bikes and uneven flow pattern in the cities resulted in excess and shortage of bikes at different locations within the city. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to consider BEVs for the dockless bike-sharing rebalancing problem.
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