Abstract
We apply a modified proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) to large eddy simulation data of a wind turbine wake in a turbulent atmospheric boundary layer. The turbine is modeled as an actuator disk. Our analysis mainly focuses on the pragmatic identification of spatial modes, which yields a low order description of the wake flow. This reduction to a few degrees of freedom is a crucial first step for the development of simplified dynamic wake models based on modal decompositions. It is shown that only a few modes are necessary to capture the basic dynamical aspects of quantities that are relevant to a turbine in the wake flow. Furthermore, we show that the importance of the individual modes depends on the relevant quantity chosen. Therefore, the optimal choice of modes for a possible model could in principle depend on the application of interest. We additionally present a possible interpretation of the extracted modes by relating them to the specific properties of the wake. For example, the first mode is related to the horizontal large-scale movement.
Highlights
Due to economical and technological benefits, wind turbines are often arranged in clusters that can contain up to hundreds of turbines
A modified proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) analysis has been applied to the large eddy simulation of an actuator disk in a turbulent atmospheric boundary layer
We propose that the quality of modal reconstructions of the field should be assessed by considering the recovery of turbulent kinetic energy, but should be based on quantities relevant to a sequential turbine in the wake
Summary
Due to economical and technological benefits, wind turbines are often arranged in clusters that can contain up to hundreds of turbines. In order to minimize these effects, a detailed understanding and efficient modeling of wakes is essential. This is of particular importance in the planning phase of a farm, where an optimized layout can result in a much higher energy production [1]. Good wake models are an important tool for an efficient wind farm control [2,3]. It has, for example, been shown that wake deflection through yawing of the turbines can mitigate the wake effect [4,5,6]
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