Towards A Poetics of Dwelling

Abstraction in teaching ways of control engineering to support the understanding of mathematics behind Industry 4.0 – a Hungarian approach

Injury recidivism is a clinical term defined as the recurrence of traumatic injuries from temporally distinct events, whereas multiple injuries correspond to skeletal injuries to more than one body region. The analysis of these dynamics can lead to a better understanding of the individual’s way of life and social environment. The present investigation examines the rates of multiple injuries, and in particular their distribution according to sex and age-at-death, as well as their association with stress markers, among 200 skeletons from Milan covering four historical periods (roman, medieval, modern, and contemporary eras), equally divided between sexes. In addition, injury recidivism was investigated in the sample and three cases were identified and detailed as case studies. As a result, multiple injuries were more frequent in the Medieval period (41%), followed by the Contemporary (25%), Roman (19%) and Modern eras (15%). Statistical analyses showed a significant association between multiples injuries and male sex, but not with age-at-death or stress markers. The three cases of recidivism included one female from the modern era and two males from the Medieval period. The analysis of the injuries and their recurrence permitted to improve our understanding of the individuals’ social environment and hypothesize on their causes (accidents/occupational work, and interpersonal violence).

Academy Scope of Practice: Tools for Determining Competence and Advancing Practice

Objective: Rates and determinants of first-line antiretroviral (ARV) discontinuation or change in prescribed regimen were assessed between old (pre-2006) and modern (post-2006) era stratified by dosing frequency [(once daily (QD) versus twice or more daily (BID+)]. Methods: A single-center retrospective cohort study was conducted. All adult HIV patients initiating ARVs from January 1995-November 2015 were included. Patients were stratified by old- or modern-era and by dosing frequency. The primary outcome was rate of ARV therapy discontinuation or change in initial regimen. The secondary outcome was reason for discontinuation. Results: 1,127 patients were included from the old (n=621) and modern era (n=506). Modern-era patients were more likely to receive QD regimens (p<0.001) and had increased viral suppression at the last recorded testing than oldera patients (70.9% vs. 43.2%, p<0.001). Modern-era and QD patients had better adherence and treatment duration. Patients on integrase inhibitor (INSTI)- and NNRTI-based therapy had longer treatment durations and better ARV adherence. Risk factors for treatment switch or discontinuation included old-era therapy, IDU and PI+NRTI treatment. Older ages and immigrants were less likely to discontinue therapy. Common reasons for treatment discontinuation included changing treatments to improve regimen profile, gastrointestinal side effects, and neuropsychological issues. Conclusion: In patients initiating first-line ARV, risk of discontinuation or regimen changes has diminished in the modern-era with QD, INSTI- or NNRTI-based regimens. More attention to high risk patients including IDU is advised in attempts to improve outcomes. These findings provide ‘real world’ support for current clinical practice guidelines.

The nucleus of statehood is situated at the local level: in the village, the neighborhood, the city district. This is where a community, beyond the level of the family, first develops collective rules that are intended to ensure its continued existence. But usually this is not the only level of governance at play. Above it, there are supralocal formations of power, varying in scope from regional networks to empires, which supplement the local orders or compete with them. The premise of this Research Unit is that local forms of self-governance are especially heterogeneous and prominent, wherever supralocal statehood exists in the mode of weak permeation. The central question of our approach is how local forms of self-governance work in this context. We will examine the relations to the state level as well as to other local groups as they develop over time; the scope and spatial contingency of forms of self-governance; their legitimization and the interdependency with the organization and collective identity of those groups which carry them out; finally, we will turn our attention to the significance of self-governance for the configuration of weak statehood. The empirical focus will be at the local level, which has so far been largely neglected in the research on governance beyond the state. In order to achieve this, we will work with case studies that are structured by categories and situated in geographical areas and time periods that lie outside of modern Europe with its particular development of statehood since the Late Middle Ages: in Antiquity, and in the Global South of the present. By incorporating these different time frames, we hope to contribute to overcoming the dichotomy between the modern and pre-modern era, which is often given canonical status. Our goal is to create a comparative analysis of different configurations of order as well as the development of a typology of patterns of local governance. The structure of the empirical comparison itself promises methodological insights, since it will entail recognizing, dealing with, and overcoming disciplinary limitations. Starting with the identification of typical patterns and processes, we hope to gain a better grasp of the mechanisms by which local configurations of order succeed, while at the same time advancing the theoretical debate. This will allow us to make an interdisciplinary contribution to the understanding of fundamental elements of statehood and local governance that are of central importance, especially in the context of weak statehood. The insights we hope to gain by adopting this historical perspective will contribute to understanding a present that is not based exclusively on its own, seemingly completely new preconditions, and will thus significantly sharpen the political analysis of various forms of governance.

Recently there has been much debate about the usefulness of strategic management education and implicitly about strategy tools and frameworks. Yet, this debate is taking place in the absence of detailed knowledge about how, or indeed, whether, managers use the theoretical tools that they learn. This paper addresses this gap by taking a practice perspective to look at how strategy tools are engaged by different actors in mediating strategizing and organizing processes. Based on an ethnography of strategy making inside one firm, we explore how an actor's search for rationality and objectivity through the use of tools is actually a political, symbolic and socially interactive process. Drawing on the boundary object literature, we provide a conceptual framework for analyzing strategy tools as key mediators of these contextual and political interests.

This research describes how a practical tool or model, that supports sustainable performance improvement in manufacturing organisations, was successfully developed. As there is no improvement without change then this research is also about change - organisational change. The justification for the research is based on the concept that many improvement initiatives fail to deliver the benefits that are claimed for them. Research undertaken in the automotive industry in Wales indicated that the organisations surveyed attempted an average of thirteen initiatives each. This surprising figure, added substance to the need for this research, to clarify the reasons for undertaking improvement initiatives and the necessity for a clear mechanism for the introduction, implementation and sustainability of the improvement process. The literature indicated a number of essential factors that affect the success or failure of a change programme or the introduction of a new initiative. These factors were confirmed through six case studies based in three different organisations. The research was primarily concerned with the process used to successfully introduce and sustain performance improvement and the challenge was to develop a practical tool that works rather than just be a search for knowledge. The information from the case studies and the literature reviews provided detailed information that enabled the model to be developed. Subsequently, the model was developed, and its functionality tested, using a company in south east Wales and through three field experiments in three separate organisations. A unique element of the model was the development of an Initiative Measurement Process (IMP) that can be used to evaluate the likely success of an improvement programme based on a number of factors being in place. Further work has been identified including refining the IMP and its scoring system, ongoing testing of the accuracy and validity of the culture questionnaire and using the model over a longer period in a manufacturing company possibly using internal facilitators. This research adds to knowledge in that a practical tool that supports the implementation and sustainability of performance improvement initiatives through the consideration of a number of factors that will also significantly increase the likelihood of success has been developed and thoroughly tested.

This response argues that Sara Meadows’ article has significant implications for how educational psychologists can better establish a contribution as applied psychologists to theorising, research and practice in the field of learning and development. Vygotskian and neo-Vygotskian approaches offer the theoretical and practical tools by which educational psychologists can reformulate the best of their current practice and formulate new practice.

This chapter analyses the key gender issues throughout comparative legal history, from the Antiquity to the contemporary era. A wide array of subjects will be briefly touched upon, such as the traditional roles of men and women and their legal recognition, the legal status of women, the patriarchal patterns and the trends of their change, the interaction of religion and law in these areas. These various subjects all portray a millennia-long domination of the patriarchal system and the long and arduous struggle for gender equality. The text is mainly concerned with the Western legal systems, broadly speaking—European, Near-Eastern and American—showcasing individual legal systems in the Antiquity and Middle Ages, where differences during these times were greater, but focusing instead on key issues and areas of law in the Modern era, where convergence and common tendencies become more pronounced. By understanding these issues in their historical context, readers will gain valuable knowledge of the historical background of the current status of gender relations in the main legal systems of the world.

Wildlife managers face complex problems in attempting to achieve contemporary conservation goals while maintaining ecosystem function. Anthropogenically altered environments can subsidize certain species, causing them to become overabundant and straining the remaining natural system. Such is the case with the widespread avian generalist and subsidized predator, the common raven (Corvus corax). Ravens depredate nests and prey on small animals, with locally focused high impacts to the ecosystem during rearing of their nestlings. Limiting predator abundance reduces the spatially concentrated predation rates by eliminating nestling provisioning needs. We investigated avenues to limit the reproduction of common raven using customized theoretical and practical tools. Specifically, we developed an online interactive tool, a mathematical model, that calculates the predator's population growth rate under any given proportion of reproductive management. This quantitative tool models an assessment of ravens in a defined area and results in the degree to which raven fitness would need to be reduced to control their populations. To implement the model's results in a field‐practical way and manage reproduction with minimal disturbance, we developed novel technology, a Remote Fluid Application System (RFAS). The RFAS applies the egg addling technique of egg oiling to high (usually out of reach) nesting situations. We tested these tools in the Mojave Desert, CA, where the raven is a heavily human‐subsidized predator. We mounted our RFAS on telescoping poles and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs; drones) and found that we were able to aerially, and precisely, spray‐oil eggs high in trees or cliffs/rock faces, halting 100% (n = 46) of raven nesting events. With these tools, we enable managers to calculate the intensity of, and the ability to carry out, egg addling needed to stem or halt predator population growth. We conclude that the combination of the interactive software (StallPOPd Interactive Tool, https://cwhl.vet.cornell.edu/tools/stallpopd; publicly available at https://ecommons.cornell.edu/handle/1813/65718) and the RFAS is the most effective wildlife management strategy to date for the offset or control of undesirable population growth in high‐nesting avian predators.

How should a small business decide whether and in what ways to use Web technology for interactions with customers? This case describes the creation of a practical decision support tool (using a spreadsheet) for the initiation and development of small business Web sites. Decisions arise from both explicit and tacit knowledge. Using selected literature from a structuration theory, information management and knowledge management, decision support tools are characterized as knowledge documents (communication agents for explicit knowledge). Understanding decision support tools as knowledge documents sheds light on their potentialities and limitations for knowledge transfer, and assists in maximizing their potentialities. The case study deploys three levels of modeling: a high-level structuration model of the interplay between information management and knowledge management, a conceptual model of small-business decision-making, and an applied model the practical decision support tool, itself. An action-research methodology involving experts and stakeholders validated the development of conceptual categories and their instantiation in the practical tool.

In today's rapidly evolving business landscape, supply chain management has emerged as a critical discipline that directly impacts a company's competitiveness and overall success. This research paper explores the complexities, trends, challenges, and strategies in supply chain management in the modern era. By analyzing recent developments and synthesizing empirical evidence, this paper provides insights into how organizations can optimize their supply chain processes to achieve operational efficiency, sustainability, and adaptability. The paper also delves into the integration of technological innovations, sustainability considerations, and the role of data analytics in enhancing supply chain practices. Supply chain management (SCM) plays a pivotal role in today's globalized and interconnected business environment. As companies strive for efficiency, sustainability, and resilience, SCM has evolved significantly to meet the demands of the modern era. This research paper examines the challenges, innovations, and best practices in supply chain management in the context of the contemporary business landscape. It explores the impact of technology, sustainability concerns, and global disruptions on SCM practices and outlines strategies for organizations to thrive in this dynamic environment. Keywords: Supply Chain Management, Modern Era, Trends, Challenges, Strategies, Globalization, Digital Transformation, Sustainability, Agile Supply Chains, Collaboration, Technology Integration, Data Analytics, Case Studies, Future Outlook.

The following paper is the result of two fieldwork experiences: the observation of the progressive loss of the traditional language by the indigenous kichwa group of the Peruvian Amazon forest and my last stay in the city of Donostia-San Sebastian (Euskal Herria). These experiences allowed me to develop some reflections about the contact between these (apparently different) two worlds: the Native Communities of South America and euskaldunak people. Garabide, a basque non-governmental association, is now helping several indigenous communities making up their and identity recovery process. In this paper I’ll propose the concept of linguistic utopia: Garabide is offering to the aforementioned communities practical and theoretical tools, obtained from the long and arduous experience of basque recovery. This case study will serve as a pretext for developing wider considerations around the Basque idiom, understood not only as an expression of an ethnolinguistic and identity movement. The Euskera language is today considered the realization of a shared and concretized utopia that can be taught to others

Experience-driven design considers all aspects of a product – its appearance, cultural meaning, functionality, interaction, usability, technology, and indirect consequences of use – with the aim to optimize and orchestrate all these aspects and create the best possible user experience. Since the late 1990s, designers and design researchers have begun to explicitly investigate how products elicit emotions in users, and how knowledge of specific emotions like joy, pride, frustration or sadness could help designers to improve the user experience of products. Generally speaking, it seems that the most evident aim for a designer is to maximize the amount of positive user emotions and to minimize the amount of negative user emotions – based on the assumption that positive emotions are always desirable and negative emotions are always undesirable. However, if we look at some examples of enjoyable and meaningful human experiences, we quickly realize that this assumption is not always valid. Several examples of art and entertainment demonstrate this: People who ride rollercoasters, play challenging video games, or listen to downbeat music are experiencing fear, frustration, and sadness, respectively, but are also enjoying themselves. Furthermore, they do not seem to enjoy these activities despite these emotions, but because of them: unintimidating rollercoasters, effortless games and unmoving music are not nearly as satisfying. In my PhD-project I have focused on such experiences – named ‘rich experiences’ – and investigated how these can be systematically designed into consumer products and services. The first four chapters lay the theoretical foundation of this investigation. In the first chapter I explore some assumptions about emotions and when they are considered positive or negative. In chapter two I describe a phenomenological study that examined what kind of life situations evoke mixed emotions, and in which cases those emotions constitute rich experiences. Chapter three discusses the possible reasons why people seek out negative emotions and the condition under which these emotions can be enjoyed. The insights lead to a framework of the formation of rich experiences, which is used to analyze six product examples. Lastly, chapter four discusses a series of studies that lead to the creation of a textual and audiovisual database that offers designers knowledge about a highly differentiated set of negative emotions to help them create unique rich experiences. The last five chapters subsequently discuss how designers could evoke this kind of experiences through products and services. Chapter five introduces a methodical design approach to emotionally enrich user experiences. In addition to the overall approach, it also discusses ten ‘rich experience qualities’ that designers could use right away in their projects. Six design concepts generated with the approach are discussed. Chapter six further examines the design approach, by reflecting on the results and processes of nearly sixty design students and a professional designer. The chapter discusses the rich experience qualities and the design concepts that the designers generated using the approach. Chapter seven describes a larger case study: the design and testing of an interactive wristband that aimed to add engagement to the activity of running by evoking fear in users. Chapter eight slightly extends the scope of the thesis. Whereas the preceding chapters focused primarily on adding enjoyment, engagement and meaning to generally boring or empty situations, chapter eight investigates whether a similar approach can be used to design for user situations that already involve a strong negative emotion. The final chapter reviews the findings of the thesis, discusses ethical implications, and contemplates some possibilities for future research.

Abstract: Entrepreneurial activity is an activity in which it teaches creative ways to create an activity that can provide additional knowledge, especially in the world of economics, besides that this activity can provide independence to a student because in it a student is required to be creative and productive. in every activity of his life, including in terms of dividing time between pesantren activities and entrepreneurial activities. The focus of this research includes: 1) Entrepreneurial Activities in Fostering Student Independence in the Modern Era (Case Study at Pondok Pesantren At Tahdzib Ngoro Jombang). 2) Inhibiting and supporting factors of entrepreneurial activity in fostering student independence in the modern era (Case Study at Pondok Pesantren At Tahdzib Ngoro Jombang). This type of research uses a case study approach to find out something in depth. This research is included in qualitative field research. Data collection techniques in this study use interview, observation, documentation and triangulation techniques which are then analyzed. From the results of this study, entrepreneurial activities without us realizing this activity are activities taught by Salafus Sholeh in educating his students with the aim that after graduating from the pesantren world they are able to become independent students, meaning that students returning from boarding schools can practice their religious knowledge from their needs. community, and can have a job from entrepreneurial activities that have been taught from boarding schools (Entreprenuer Skills)