Abstract
A method of purifying cyclododecyl 2,4-dihydroxybenzoate as a potential replacement template molecule for preparation of molecularly-imprinted polymers for isolation of zearalenone in urine was developed. Full physicochemical characteristics of cyclododecyl 2,4-dihydroxybenzoate for the first time included crystallographic analysis and molecular modelling, which made possible the determination of the similarity between the cyclododecyl 2,4-dihydroxybenzoate and zearalenone molecules. The obtained molecularly-imprinted polymers show very high in vitro selectivity towards zearalenone due to specific interactions (e.g., hydrogen bonding, molecular recognition interaction). The achieved extraction recovery exceeds 94% at the tested concentration levels (20–500 ng·mL−1) with a relative standard deviation below 2%. Immunosorbents were found to have lower recoveries (below 92.5%) and RSD value between 2 and 4% for higher concentrations of the studied substance (400 ng·mL−1).
Highlights
Zearalenone is a mycotoxin that has many harmful effects on the health of animals and humans, in particular, hyperestrogenism [1,2]
The chemical structure of the obtained CDHB was confirmed via infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) (Table 2)
We investigated the influence of the amount of the sorbent on ZEA sorption by gradually increWasiengintvheestsiograbteednttahme oinufnlut efrnocme o1f0 tthoe15am0 mougnat tocfonthsetasnotrcboenndt iotinonZsEoAf psHor,pctoionncenbytragtrioadn,uaanlldy cinocnrteaacstitnimg eth. eFisgourrbeen8tshamowosunthtisfrroemlat1io0ntsohi1p5.0ItmcganatbecosneestnanthtactornedmiotivoanlsooffZpEHA, fcroonmceMntIrPatiinocnre, aasneds wcointhtaicntctriemasei.nFgigamuroeu8nstshoowf asdtshoirsbreenlat.tiFoonrsshoirpb.eInt tcaanmboeunsetsenratnhgaitnrgemfroomva5l0otfoZ1E5A0 mfrog,msiMmiIlParinrecmreoasveasl vwreaimltuhoevsinawcl rveeraaelsuionebsgtawainemreeoduo(nbRttEsaiMonIfePd-aCdD(RsHoEBrMbaIePp-nCptD.rHoBFxoa.rp9ps7ro%orxb; .eR9nE7tM%aIP;m-RZoEEuAMnIcPts-aZE.rA9ac5na%g.i)n9.5gT%hf)ri.osTmihnic5sr0einatcsoree1ias5s0ereimlsagtree,dlsaittmoeditlhatoer the progressively larger surface available for ZEA sorption due to the growing number of selective sites in Molecularly-imprinted polymers (MIPs)
Summary
Zearalenone is a mycotoxin that has many harmful effects on the health of animals and humans, in particular, hyperestrogenism [1,2]. Exposure to this xenoestrogen results in deformed genitals, disorders in the reproduction process and feminization of male animals [3,4,5]. Obtaining biological material for analysis, such as plasma, bile, or tissue for research of this kind is quite difficult because sample collection is invasive. Another problem is related to the very specific conditions which must necessarily be observed during collecting, preserving, and transporting the material. Measuring of zearalenone content in urine is a more practical and promising strategy [10,11,12]
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