Abstract
Climate change mitigation strategies offer significant societal co-benefits such as improvement in public health, air quality, local economy, and even safety. By considering these co-benefits during the transportation planning process, local governments would be able to link their local appreciate mitigation actions into the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), where diverse objectives should be achieved simultaneously. This study first clarifies the co-benefits approach to climate change mitigation in the transport system, by introducing an integrated multiple-impact framework known as A-S-I (Avoid-Shift-Improve) to evaluate the co-benefits. Thereafter, it applies the quantitative modeling approach to assess public health and environmental co-benefits of the implementation of the Tehran Transportation Master Plan, “the TTMP” in the city of Tehran, Iran, which includes targeted interventions such as shifting from private vehicles to the urban transport system, improving vehicle technologies and introducing alternative fuels. The results from the application of “the TTMP” reveal a significant reduction of CO2 and other local air pollutant emissions by 12.9 and 1.4 million tons, respectively, prevention of about 10,000 mortality cases, and more than USD 35 million savings by 2030.
Highlights
The planning of the transport system in cities is entirely affected by climate change concerns.A fundamental transformation will be needed in the transportation sector, such as decarbonization of the fleet through clean technologies and non-motorized transport, besides clean power generation for electric cars, if governments worldwide, in developing countries, aim to achieve theParis Agreement targets and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) [1]
Sustainable transport, in developing developing countries, is an an important important element of climate climate change policies, transport, which canparticularly be integrated into development objectives such aselement good health and Sustainable in countries, is of change policies, which can be integrated into development objectives such as good health and wellwell-being as well as clean energy and sustainable cities
In order to meet both climate protection and change policies, which can be integrated into development objectives such as good health and wellbeing as well as clean energy and sustainable cities
Summary
The planning of the transport system in cities is entirely affected by climate change concerns.A fundamental transformation will be needed in the transportation sector, such as decarbonization of the fleet through clean technologies and non-motorized transport, besides clean power generation for electric cars, if governments worldwide, in developing countries, aim to achieve theParis Agreement targets and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) [1]. The planning of the transport system in cities is entirely affected by climate change concerns. A fundamental transformation will be needed in the transportation sector, such as decarbonization of the fleet through clean technologies and non-motorized transport, besides clean power generation for electric cars, if governments worldwide, in developing countries, aim to achieve the. Paris Agreement targets and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) [1]. Urban transport is vital to achieve several of the SDGs, in developing countries, such as good health (goal 3), affordable and clean energy (goal 7), and sustainable cities (goal 11), besides climate change (goal 13). In cities such as Seoul and Tokyo, commercial, and residential sectors account for two-thirds of the final energy consumption, which is mostly influenced by the spatial organization and urban density [4].
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