Towards a Co-simulation of Electric Vehicles with Power Grid

Abstract

Electric vehicles have gained much more attention in the last decades, as they are considered a promising substitution for internal combustion engine vehicles, in terms of lower CO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> emissions and dependence on fossil fuels. Many developed and developing countries have announced incentive policies to support the electric vehicle industry. As a result of these advantages and incentives, it is anticipated that the number of electric vehicles overtakes the number of fossil-fueled vehicles in near future. This high penetration of electric vehicles might cause some problems to the power grid, as the current power grid infrastructures are not designed for mobile loads. In this regard, the interaction between the electricity sector and the electrified transportation sector as a potential future load or a flexible resource for power system should be considered in a developed scheme. This paper proposes a co-simulation scheme between electric vehicles and the power grid to provide policymakers and authorities with a powerful and scalable simulation tool for managing and mitigating the potential impacts of electric vehicles on the power grid.