Abstract
Background: If the alcohol use and dependence disorders are differentiated by the pharmaco-dependence, they share complex relationships with other clinical disorders and personality disorders. The purpose of this paper is to produce a model that reflects its relations both among users than among addicts. Method: Data from questionnaires measuring key variables selected for this study have been collected from people with alcohol misuse (n = 83) and alcohol-dependent (n = 81) in rehab. A model of drug dependence has been produced from these data that gives complete satisfaction to the criteria of SEM. Discussion: This model reflects the shift from abuse to a dependent consumption by the presence of feedbacks involving pharmaco-dependence, disturbance of the alcohol consumption by psychological distress and depressive traits. To further guarantee its validity, however it should be tested by collecting data from other surveys.
Highlights
Several decades of studies on alcohol related disorders have collected much evidence of their interactions with clinical features, especially anxious or depressive (Hall, Degenhardt and Tesson, 2009 [1]; Schukit et al, 2009 [2]; Allan, 1995 [3]; Schuckit et al, 1994 [4]; Brady & Lydiard, 1993 [5]; Turbull & Gomberg, 1990 [6]; Helzer & Pryzbeck, 1990 [7]) or personality features (Dejong et al, 1993 [8]; Movalli et al, 1996 [9]) on alcohol use disorders
Regarding the comparison of those groups, one can note that, apart the item “drinking for searching social contact”, all the variables are significantly different between the persons with an alcohol dependence and the alcohol users whose the mean of the disturbance of the alcoholic behaviours is higher than 24
If we focus on the results for pharmacodependence (48.33 versus 0.44), it is clearly higher among the alcohol-dependent persons than among the alcohol abusers, that confirms what we expected
Summary
Several decades of studies on alcohol related disorders have collected much evidence of their interactions with clinical features, especially anxious or depressive (Hall, Degenhardt and Tesson, 2009 [1]; Schukit et al, 2009 [2]; Allan, 1995 [3]; Schuckit et al, 1994 [4]; Brady & Lydiard, 1993 [5]; Turbull & Gomberg, 1990 [6]; Helzer & Pryzbeck, 1990 [7]) or personality features (Dejong et al, 1993 [8]; Movalli et al, 1996 [9]) on alcohol use disorders. Other motives for drinking have been identified according to Pelc (1978) [11]: Search for social contacts, taste for alcohol, psychological problems, sensation seeking, and pharmaco-dependency. This last factor is one of the main differential diagnostic between alcohol use (F10.1) and alcohol dependence (F10.2.x). Method: Data from questionnaires measuring key variables selected for this study have been collected from people with alcohol misuse (n = 83) and alcohol-dependent (n = 81) in rehab. Discussion: This model reflects the shift from abuse to a dependent consumption by the presence of feedbacks involving pharmaco-dependence, disturbance of the alcohol consumption by psychological distress and depressive traits. To further guarantee its validity, it should be tested by collecting data from other surveys
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