Abstract
This paper focused on the endogenous and exogenous factors that affect China's sustainable energy system (SES). 19 Endogenous factors, from economic sustainability dimension, social sustainability dimension, environmental sustainability dimension and energy security dimension assessed China's SES by entropy method-analytic hierarchy process-criteria importance through intercriteria correlation method (EM-AHP-CRITIC). We used urbanization, foreign direct investment and industrialization as exogenous variables and explored the extent of their long-term and short-term impacts on China's SES by autoregressive distributed lag-error correction (ARDL-ECM) model.
Highlights
As the largest developing country, China is the world’s largest energy producer and consumer and the world’s largest carbon emitter
The energy system in China to transform from current fossil fuel-based to clean energy-based (Bolwig et al, 2019), and a sustainable energy system (SES) (Li and Taeihagh, 2020)
The concept of sustainable energy was first formally proposed by Munasinghe (1994), who believed that sustainable energy development could be realised through implementing a series of energy management policies from either the supply side or demand side
Summary
As the largest developing country, China is the world’s largest energy producer and consumer and the world’s largest carbon emitter. The energy system in China to transform from current fossil fuel-based to clean energy-based (Bolwig et al, 2019), and a sustainable energy system (SES) (Li and Taeihagh, 2020). Santoyo-Castelazo and Azapagic (2014) expanded energy sustainability into a three-dimensional concept with environmental, economic and social aspects. The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) developed a sustainability initiative involving energy use, clean water, pollution, and other issues (Antunes et al, 2014). Energy sustainability has become a guiding concept, including economy, environment, technology, security, and other aspects (Munasinghe, 1994; Santoyo-Castelazo and Azapagic, 2014; Sáez-Martínez et al, 2016). A meaningful way to achieve the SES is the energy transition (Bolwig et al, 2019; Chen et al, 2019). Wei and Chen (2020) took Guangzhou city as an example and found that only technological advancement in the building and transportation infrastructure exceeds the pace of the average urban economy, could the energy and carbon footprints of new planned projects be reduced
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