Abstract
Continuum damage mechanics models, while elegant and useful, suffer from what are typically highly idealized relationships between model and material. In this technical note, using three-dimensional (3D) measurements of internal cracking, direct, albeit simple relationships were made between the quantity of cracking and a corresponding scalar damage variable. Geometric properties of internal cracks were measured through 3D image analysis of in situ microtomographic scans of small concrete specimens subject to compression. A scalar damage variable was determined from the changes in stiffness measured in successive loading cycles. Results showed a nearly linear relationship between the damage variable and the volume of new cracks formed. In contrast, results showed a nonlinear relationship between the damage variable and the crack surface area. Such relationships can potentially lead to a more physical basis for continuum damage formulations.
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