Abstract
The aim of the article is to present the analysis of tourism competitiveness of the rural areas of the Eastern Poland microregion (Podlaskie, Warmińsko–mazurskie, Lubelskie, Świętokrzyskie, Podkarpackie provinces). To group the rural communes in terms of tourism competitiveness, a cluster analysis with Ward’s method was applied. To do so, the data provided by the Central Statistical Office (Warsaw) in Poland of 2019 were used. The analyses provided in the article confirm the dependence between the size of the areas of outstanding natural beauty and the region’s tourism competitiveness. The results can be applied by the representatives of various institutions and organizations supporting the development of tourism in those areas.
Highlights
The applicable literature provides many definitions of competitiveness [1]
The analysis shows a positive correlation between the protected areas size and variables tourism market (TM), s index (SI), Charvat’s index (CHI), and tourism density (TD), and the level of tourism competitiveness of the region
The analysis of rural areas tourism competitiveness suggests that the area of five provinces researched differs in terms of tourism competitiveness
Summary
The applicable literature provides many definitions of competitiveness [1]. According to the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), competitiveness is a tendency and capacity of a given country, region, or enterprise to produce goods, including services satisfying the international market requirements (business going international) under free market conditions, and at the same time, for maintaining and enhancing real personal incomes over a long time, and maintaining long-term development via the technical advancement on permanent, stable, and dynamic grounds [2].In the report by the World Economic Development of 1994, competitiveness is a tendency and ability of the country, region, or an enterprise to create wealth greater than the competitors and the competitive system on the global market [3], whereas “The World Competitiveness Yearbook” states that international competitiveness should be understood as a tendency and capacity of the country to create the value added and, in that way, to enhance the national wealth by responsible management of the resources and processes, attractiveness and expansiveness and aggressiveness, globally and locally, and to integrate all of these into a homogenous, cohesive, organizational, institutional, and management system in terms of society, economics, culture, ecology, and politics [4].The essence of competitiveness is one of the most important aspects of regional and local development [5]. According to the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), competitiveness is a tendency and capacity of a given country, region, or enterprise to produce goods, including services satisfying the international market requirements (business going international) under free market conditions, and at the same time, for maintaining and enhancing real personal incomes over a long time, and maintaining long-term development via the technical advancement on permanent, stable, and dynamic grounds [2]. Its source is state-of-the-art material, as well as the institutional and intellectual infrastructure of the region.
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