Abstract
A new inverse-electron-demand Diels–Alder (IDA) reaction of 3-aminoindoles as dienophiles was developed for the efficient preparation of 4-aza-β-carbolines in high yields. Because N1-unprotected 3-aminoindoles show poor thermal stability, a one-pot protocol was developed that combines the removal of tert-butoxycarbonyl protecting groups with the IDA reaction. This protocol, using tert-butyl 1H-indol-3-ylcarbamates as reactants, gave the corresponding IDA products in excellent yields. The new IDA methodology was used in a total synthesis of 4-azaeudistomin Y1, which was obtained in 57% overall yield in four steps. Moreover, the chemistry is suitable for the rapid preparation, through either Friedel–Crafts acylation or amide-formation reactions, of analogues that are useful for exploring structure–activity relationships at the C1-position.
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