Abstract
Background: Total saponins from Rubus parvifolius L. (TSRP) are the main bioactive fractions responsible for the anti-tumor activities. The work was aimed to evaluate the anti-tumor effect of TSRP in malignant melanoma (MM) in vitro and in vivo.Methods and results: Anti-melanoma cell proliferation, invasion and migration effect of TSRP were detected in human MM A375 cells under the indicated time and dosages. In vivo anti-tumor effect of TSRP was measured in A375 xenograft immunodeficient nude mice. Sixty A375 xenografts were randomly divided into five groups: Vehicle, cyclophosphamide (CTX, 20 mg/kg), TSRP (25 mg/kg), TSRP (50 mg/kg) and TSRP (100 mg/kg) groups for 14 days’ treatment. In addition, the melanoma metastasis in lung in vivo of TSRP was detected in A375 tail vein injection mice, and the histopathalogical analysis of the lung metastasis was detected by Hematoxylin–Eosin (H&E) staining. TSRP significantly inhibited the cell proliferation, invasion and migration of A375 in vitro at the indicated time and dosages. TSRP treatment effectively blocked the tumor growth in immunodeficient nude mice. In addition, TSRP also significantly inhibited the lung metastasis of melanoma.Conclusion: The present study indicated that the TSRP has a remarkable anti-MM effect, which mainly through the inhibition of the cell invasion, migration and tumor metastasis.
Highlights
Malignant melanoma (MM) is a highly aggressive and highly malignant tumor
The result showed that Total saponins from Rubus parvifolius L. (TSRP) significantly decreased the cell viability in 72 h with the half inhibition concentration (IC50) of 14.6 μg/ml
While the IC50 for TSRP was more than 300 μg/ml in 24 h and 214.5 μg/ml in 48 h, the result exhibited that longer the treatment time higher the anti-proliferative effect of TSRP
Summary
Malignant melanoma (MM) is a highly aggressive and highly malignant tumor. Most of the MMs originate from the skin, and from the eyes and nasal cavity [1,2,3]. The mortality of cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM) accounts for 80% of skin-related tumors, which has been high for many years [3,7]. Searching for low toxicity and high efficiency anti-cancer drugs is an important direction in the field of melanoma treatment. The work was aimed to evaluate the anti-tumor effect of TSRP in malignant melanoma (MM) in vitro and in vivo. Methods and results: Anti-melanoma cell proliferation, invasion and migration effect of TSRP were detected in human MM A375 cells under the indicated time and dosages. In vivo anti-tumor effect of TSRP was measured in A375 xenograft immunodeficient nude mice. Conclusion: The present study indicated that the TSRP has a remarkable anti-MM effect, which mainly through the inhibition of the cell invasion, migration and tumor metastasis
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