Abstract
BackgroundLactobacillus gasseri OLL2809 can highly induce interleukin (IL)-12 production in immune cells. Even though beneficial properties of this strain for both humans and animals have been reported, the mechanism by which the bacteria induces the production of IL-12 in immune cells remains elusive. In this study, we investigated the mechanism of induction of IL-12 using a mouse macrophage cell line J774.1.ResultsInhibition of phagocytosis of L. gasseri OLL2809, and myeloid differentiation factor 88 and Toll-like receptors (TLRs) 7 and 9 signalling attenuated IL-12 production in J774.1 cells. Total RNA and genomic DNA of L. gasseri OLL2809, when transferred to the J774.1 cells, also induced IL-12 production. The difference in the IL-12-inducing activity of Lactobacilli is attributed to the susceptibility to phagocytosis, but not to a difference in the total RNA and genomic DNA of each strain.ConclusionWe concluded that total RNA and genomic DNA of phagocytosed L. gasseri OLL2809 induce IL-12 production in J774.1 cell via TLRs 7 and 9, and the high IL-12-inducing activity of L. gasseri OLL2809 is due to its greater susceptibility to phagocytosis.
Highlights
Lactobacillus gasseri OLL2809 can highly induce interleukin (IL)-12 production in immune cells
Phagocytosis of L. gasseri OLL2809 by J774.1 cells There have been several reports indicating that phagocytosis of lactic acid bacteria is required for initiation of IL-12 production from macrophages [9,10,11]
We first conducted a confocal microscopic analysis to clarify whether phagocytosis of L. gasseri OLL2809 by J774.1 cells is involved in an IL-12 production assay
Summary
Lactobacillus gasseri OLL2809 can highly induce interleukin (IL)-12 production in immune cells. Even though beneficial properties of this strain for both humans and animals have been reported, the mechanism by which the bacteria induces the production of IL-12 in immune cells remains elusive. Some functional lactic acid bacteria are recognized as immunostimulants to the host immune cells, and confer the latter with high cytokine-inducing ability [6,7,8]. Lactobacillus gasseri OLL2809 exhibits high interleukin (IL)-12-inducing ability [13]. We investigated the IL12-inducing mechanism of L. gasseri OLL2809 in the murine macrophage J774.1 cell line addressing the question of the factors affecting the ability of lactic acid bacteria to induce cytokine production
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