Abstract
BackgroundPrevious studies have revealed obesity, nutrition, lifestyle, genetic and epigenetic factors may be risk factors for the occurrence and development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, the effect of total polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) consumption on the risk of NAFLD is uncertain. Therefore, this study aimed to determine whether the total PUFA intake is independently associated with the risk of NAFLD and explore the threshold of PUFA intake better illustrate the correlation between them in Chinese Han adults.MethodsThe present study was a retrospective case–control study. A total of 534 NAFLD patients and 534 controls matched by gender and age in the same center were included in this study. Using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire in a health examination center in China to collect information about dietary intake and calculate nutrient consumption. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to estimate the association between total PUFA daily intake and its quartile and the incidence of NAFLD.ResultsMultivariate analyses suggested a significant association between total PUFA intake and the occurrence of NAFLD. A non-linear relationship between total PUFA consumption and NAFLD risk was detected after adjusting for potential confounding factors. There was a significant connection between PUFA and the risk of NAFLD (OR: 1.32, 95% CI: 1.23–1.41, P < 0.0001) when PUFA intake is between 18.8 and 29.3 g/day.ConclusionsThe relationship between total PUFA intake and NAFLD is non-linear. Total PUFA was positively related to the risk of NAFLD when PUFA intake is between 18.8 and 29.3 g/day among Chinese Han adults.
Highlights
Previous studies have revealed obesity, nutrition, lifestyle, genetic and epigenetic factors may be risk factors for the occurrence and development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)
Studies have shown that a diet rich in Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) is believed to be beneficial in preventing cardiovascular disease [10,11,12,13], bone loss in the elderly [14], Alzheimer’s disease [15], common inflammatory diseases and malignant tumors (i.g., prostate cancer, colorectal cancer, breast cancer) [16,17,18,19]
Compared with the NAFLD group, patients in the Non-NAFLD group had a significantly lower Monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) intake, total PUFA intake, energy intake, overweight ratio, tea-drinking ratio, the proportion of hypertension, and a higher percentage of participants who engaged in physical exercise
Summary
Previous studies have revealed obesity, nutrition, lifestyle, genetic and epigenetic factors may be risk factors for the occurrence and development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The effect of total polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) consumption on the risk of NAFLD is uncertain. Fatty acids can be roughly divided into saturated fatty acids and unsaturated fatty acids. Among them, unsaturated fatty acids are roughly divided into two categories (i.e., monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs)). Studies have shown that a diet rich in PUFAs is believed to be beneficial in preventing cardiovascular disease [10,11,12,13], bone loss in the elderly [14], Alzheimer’s disease [15], common inflammatory diseases and malignant tumors (i.g., prostate cancer, colorectal cancer, breast cancer) [16,17,18,19]. Few studies have investigated the association between PUFA and NAFLD
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