Abstract
This work studied the potential biotechnological applications of a naviculoid diatom (IMA053) and a green microalga (Tetraselmis marina IMA043) isolated from the North Adriatic Sea. Water, methanol, and dichloromethane (DCM) extracts were prepared from microalgae biomass and evaluated for total phenolic content (TPC) and in vitro antioxidant properties. Biomass was profiled for fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) composition. The DCM extracts had the highest levels of total phenolics, with values of 40.58 and 86.14 mg GAE/g dry weight (DW in IMA053 and IMA043, respectively). The DCM extracts had a higher radical scavenging activity (RSA) than the water and methanol ones, especially those from IMA043, with RSAs of 99.65% toward 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)diammonium salt (ABTS) at 10 mg/mL, and of 103.43% against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) at 5 mg/mL. The DCM extract of IMA053 displayed relevant copper chelating properties (67.48% at 10 mg/mL), while the highest iron chelating activity was observed in the water extract of the same species (92.05% at 10 mg/mL). Both strains presented a high proportion of saturated (SFA) and monounsaturated (MUFA) fatty acids. The results suggested that these microalgae could be further explored as sources of natural antioxidants for the pharmaceutical and food industry and as feedstock for biofuel production.
Highlights
The large amount of resources provided by the marine environment constitute the basis of many economic activities and, according to the Green Paper—Towards a FutureMaritime Policy for the Union, the exploitation of the marine biodiversity will contribute to many industrial sectors, including those related to aquaculture, healthcare, cosmetics, food/feed, and energy [1].In particular, algal extracts have been gaining increasing interest due to their unique chemical composition and possibility of wide industrial applications over the last few years [2–4]
A molecular analysis from the seawater samples collected from the North Adriatic Sea, a molecular analysis was was carried through the 18S
The obtained results suggest that DCM extracts from both species have a relevant antioxidant activity against DPPH and ABTS radicals
Summary
The large amount of resources provided by the marine environment constitute the basis of many economic activities and, according to the Green Paper—Towards a FutureMaritime Policy for the Union, the exploitation of the marine biodiversity will contribute to many industrial sectors, including those related to aquaculture, healthcare, cosmetics, food/feed, and energy [1].In particular, algal extracts have been gaining increasing interest due to their unique chemical composition and possibility of wide industrial applications over the last few years [2–4]. Maritime Policy for the Union, the exploitation of the marine biodiversity will contribute to many industrial sectors, including those related to aquaculture, healthcare, cosmetics, food/feed, and energy [1]. Marine microalgae remain largely unexplored and still represent an almost untapped reservoir of novel products and metabolites, such as lipids, with possible applications in different sectors, including aquaculture, human health, nutrition, and biofuel production [1,4,7]. Tetraselmis (Stein) species (green marine microalgae) are commonly used in aquaculture, due to their high nutritional value in terms of proteins and fatty acids (FA) [10]. Phytosterols from Navicula incerta Grunow strain KMMCC B-001 induced apoptosis in hepatocarcinoma (HepG2) cells by upregulating the expression of pro-apoptotic gene (Bax, p53) while downregulating the anti-apoptotic gene Bcl-2 [14] Other members of this order, including Navicula sp. Other members of this order, including Navicula sp. strain JPCC DA0580 [15] and Fistulifera solaris strain JPCC
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