Abstract
Lider-7-tang, a medicine used for the treatment of respiratory diseases especially pneumonia and fever in Mongolian Traditional Medicine, was selected for this phytochemical and pharmacological study. The objectives of the study were to determine total biological active substances and analyze the effects of Lider-7-tang treatment in rats with acute lung injury (ALI). Quantitative determination of the total active constituents (phenolic, flavonoid, iridoid and alkaloid) of the methanol extract of Lider-7-tang was performed using Folin-Ciocalteu reagent, aluminum chloride reagent, Trim-Hill reagent, and Bromocresol green reagent, respectively. A total of fifty 8–10-week-old male Wistar rats (200–240 g) were randomized into three groups: control group, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) group (7.5 mg/kg) and LPS+Lider-7 group (90 mg/kg Lider-7-tang before LPS administration). The total content of alkaloids was 0.2±0.043%, total phenols 7.8±0.67%, flavonoids 3.12±0.206%, and iridoids 0.308±0.0095%. This study also evaluated the effects of Lider-7 on levels of inflammatory mediators by observing histopathological features associated with LPS-induced ALI. The rats pretreated with Lider-7 had significantly lower levels of IL-6 (at 3 and 6 h), and TNF-α (at 3, 6, 9, and 12 h). The current study showed that Lider-7 exerted a preventive effect against LPS-induced ALI, which appeared to be mediated by inhibiting the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines.
Highlights
Acute lung injury (ALI) is an acute inflammatory disease, characterized by excess production of inflammatory factors in lung tissue, and followed by non-cardiogenic dyspnea, severe hypoxemia, and pulmonary edema, leading to both high morbidity and mortality [1,2]
Lipopolysaccharide, binding to its receptor, toll-like receptor 4, provokes the activation of a key pro-inflammatory transcription factor, nuclear factor kB, which induces the expression of various pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-a), interleukin-1b, and macrophage inflammatory protein-2 [5]
Plant materials The crude herbal medicines from S. alopecuroides, I. helenium, T. chebula, T. bellerica, G. jasminoides were purchased from Traditional Drug Factory at the Institute of Traditional Medicine and Technology (Mongolia)
Summary
Acute lung injury (ALI) is an acute inflammatory disease, characterized by excess production of inflammatory factors in lung tissue, and followed by non-cardiogenic dyspnea, severe hypoxemia, and pulmonary edema, leading to both high morbidity and mortality [1,2]. A major cause of the development of ALI is sepsis, wherein Gram-negative bacteria are a prominent cause [3]. The intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a component of the outer cell wall of most Gram-negative bacteria, mimics human Gram-negative ALI and is one of the most commonly accepted models for ALI [4]. Lider-7-tang is one of the traditional Mongolian herbal medicines consisting of seven herbs, Radix Sophoroe alopecuroides, Radix Inulae helenium, Fructus Gardeniae, Fructus Terminaliae billericae, Fructus T. chebulae, Herba Gentianae barbatae and Herba Lagotis integrifoliae. Lider-7-tang has been used to treat cold and flu symptoms such as nasal congestion, headache, body ache, fever, sore throat pain, and cough for a long time in Traditional Mongolian Medicine [7,8]. Lider-7-tang has a light green color, has an odor, and tastes bitter, smooth, fatty and soft
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