Total Phenolic Content, Flavonoids Content, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of the Leaves, Peels and Fruits of Locally Available Citrus Plants Collected from Kavre District of Nepal

Abstract

Aim of this study was to evaluate the total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoids content (TFC), antioxidant and antibacterial activities of fruits, leaves and peels of locally available citrus species. Result revealed that TPC and TFC of the fruit, leaves and peels range from 6.1 to 34.22 mg GAE/ g DW and 1.71 to 28.96 mg QUE/g DW, respectively. Highest TPC and TFC were Citrus medica leaves. Furthermore, range of antioxidant activities of the fruits, leaves and peels range were analyzed using DPPH scavenging as well as reducing power assays. Both analysis revealed that Citrus maxima leaves, Citrus aurantum Peels and Citrus medica leaves have the highest antioxidant activities with IC50 values 54.86 ± 0.09, 56.69 ± 0.08 and 66.81 ± 0.03 µg/ml, respectively. Furthermore, analyzed plant extract revealed the range of antibacterial activities in both grams positive and gram negative bacteria. Our results revealed that not only fruits, and leaves but also peels showed significant biological activities.