Abstract
Moringa oleifera is one of the most popular plants in South Asian. It is known as miracle tree because of every parts of the plant including roots, leaves, pods flowers, and seeds containing high nutritional value and medicinal benefits. M. oleifera seed’s oil extracted contains high antioxidants properties and become as a valuable sources of protein, vitamins, beta carotene, amino acids, and various phenolic compounds. Extraction of oil and determination of antioxidants in the oil could give a great potential for commercialization especially in pharmaceutical industries due to its pharmacological properties such as antiflammatory, antihypertensive, antiepileptic, antioxidant, antibacterial and antifungal. The aim of this study were to extract the M. oleifera seeds at different extraction time and ratio of seed to solvent and determine the amount of total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) in the methanol extract. The extraction process was carried out using Soxhlet extraction with methanol as a solvent for different ratio of seed to solvent (1:10, 1:5 and 3:10) and extraction time (2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 hours). The highest extraction yield was found at 36.84% for the seed to solvent ratio (1:10) with the extraction time of 5 hours. The highest percentages of TPC were 2027.07 (mg GAE/g of extract) at 3 hours of extraction time and seed to solvent ratio (1:10). However, the TFC values in M. oleifera seeds were 99.72 (mg QE/g of extract weight) at 5 hours of extraction time and seed to solvent ratio (1:10). The high values of TPC and TFC in methanol extract of M. oleifera seed showing it a good source of natural antioxidant and have a great potential for commercialization in food products and pharmaceutical industries.
Highlights
Antioxidants play an important role to protect cells in our body from free radical damage which leading to several physiological and pathological abnormalities such as cardiovascular disease, rheumatoid arthritis, cancer and aging [6, 11] Moringa oleifera is one of the species in Moringacae family and mainly native to India and Africa
The percentage yield of M. oleifera seed extract were decreased significantly when the ratio of seed to solvent increased from 1:10 to 3:10 w/v with the highest yield of extract were found at 36.84% at lowest seed to solvent ratio
The M. oleifera seed extract was performed by using Soxhlet extraction with methanol as the solvent at various ratio of seed to solvent and extraction time
Summary
Antioxidants play an important role to protect cells in our body from free radical damage which leading to several physiological and pathological abnormalities such as cardiovascular disease, rheumatoid arthritis, cancer and aging [6, 11] Moringa oleifera is one of the species in Moringacae family and mainly native to India and Africa. According to Ojiako et al (2013), the oil has high antioxidant properties, making it a valuable source of vitamin A, C and E. The oil is good for skin formulation product because of its potent antioxidant inhibition, which prevents bacterial infections and reduces inflammation. This oil possesses of antiflammatory, antihypertensive, antiepileptic, antioxidant, antibacterial and antifungal properties [15]. The common solvents uses in this process are ethanol, methanol, acetone, hexane and ethyl acetate. Methanol is known as the best solvent for extraction process It is more effective in recovering highest amounts of phenolic compounds from M. oleifera [1]. The total phenolic content and total flavonoid content in the seed were determined at different extraction time
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