Total phenolic and flavonoid compounds, antioxidant and toxicity profile of extract and fractions of paku atai tuber (Angiopteris ferox Copel)

Nur S,D.A Winarni,C Jannah,F.J Sami,F Mubarak,D.A Rahman,L.A Hamdayani

doi:10.26656/fr.2017.3(6).135

Abstract

Paku atai plant (Angiopteris ferox Copel), specifically the tuber has been used empirically as an anticancer and antidote materials by Dayaknese in West Kutai, with limited scientific study. Thus, this research had been conducted to determine and evaluate the total phenolic, flavonoid content of this plant along with the antioxidant and toxicity profile. The research used several extracts’ solvents including extraction with ethanol (crude extract, CE) and subsequently partitioned with n-hexane (HF); ethyl acetate (EF) and ethanol aqueous (EAF). The resulted crude extract and fractions were then analyzed through colorimetric method to determine the phenolic and flavonoid total; with DPPH and FRAP to observe the antioxidant activity; and using BSLT method to evaluate the toxicity activity. The results showed that the EF fraction provided the strongest antioxidant activity with IC50 value of 13.79 μg/mL and iron reduction with FRAP value of 387.5±6.41 µM/g. However, a high correlation was observed between the antioxidant and the total phenolic content (r2 = 0.970 - 0.974) but little correlation in total flavonoid (r2 = 0.345 - 0.373). Furthermore, the EF (19.56±7.35) showed the highest toxicity activity followed by CE (22.42±2.10), HF (39.52±7.38), and EAF (41.75±5.10). Therefore, the paku atai tuber can be potentially developed as a natural antioxidant and anticancer material.

Highlights

Paku atai plant (Angiopteris ferox Copel), the tuber has been used empirically as an anticancer and antidote materials by Dayaknese in West Kutai, with limited scientific study
After fractionation process, ethyl acetate fraction (EF) had the highest yield at 37.1% followed by Hexane fraction (HF) at 32.5% and Ethanol-aqueous fraction (EAF) at 30.5%
These results suggested that compounds with the strongest antioxidant capacity to reduce diphenyl -2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) may be more soluble in a semi polar solvent such as ethyl acetate

Summary

Introduction

Paku atai plant (Angiopteris ferox Copel), the tuber has been used empirically as an anticancer and antidote materials by Dayaknese in West Kutai, with limited scientific study. This research had been conducted to determine and evaluate the total phenolic, flavonoid content of this plant along with the antioxidant and toxicity profile. The resulted crude extract and fractions were analyzed through colorimetric method to determine the phenolic and flavonoid total; with DPPH and FRAP to observe the antioxidant activity; and using BSLT method to evaluate the toxicity activity. The increasing effects of damage in the body makes it necessary for the strategy of chemoprevention and the development therapeutics using natural ingredients such as plant extracts. Some plants have optimum characteristics of ROS level suppression and inhibition of the oxidation process that may significantly reduce the damage of cell structure in the body. Several studies have reported that the increasing dietary intake of natural antioxidants from plant may reduce coronary heart disease, cancer mortality and longer life expectancy (Halliwell, 2007; Rios et al, 2009)

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Results

Conclusion