Total Oxidant and Antioxidant Status in Prepubertal Children with Obesity.

Grażyna Rowicka,Agnieszka Riahi,Jadwiga Ambroszkiewicz,Magdalena Chełchowska,Halina Weker,Hanna Dyląg

doi:10.1155/2017/5621989

Abstract

Aims Obesity is accompanied by the formation of oxygen free radicals, whose intensified activity without effective defense mechanisms can lead to oxidative stress and related complications. We evaluated the presence of oxidative stress in obese prepubertal children. Methods The study included 83 healthy children aged 2–10 years (62 with obesity and 21 nonobese controls). Total oxidant capacity (TOC), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL), lipid parameters, glucose, and C-reactive protein (CRP) were measured in serum. Oxidative stress index (OSI) was calculated. Results Serum TOC concentration was significantly higher (p < 0.05) and TAC concentration was lower (p < 0.05) in obese children. OSI was higher (p < 0.01) in obese subjects compared with controls. CRP levels were normal in all children, but median CRP value was higher (p < 0.01) and HDL cholesterol levels were lower (p < 0.05) in the obese group. We found a significant negative correlation between TAC and ox-LDL concentrations (r = −0.27, p < 0.05) in obese children. Furthermore, obesity duration was positively correlated with TOC level (r = 0.32, p < 0.05) in this group. Conclusions Obesity-related oxidative stress already occurs in prepubescence. Early obesity diagnosis and the necessary therapeutic activity implementation is a vital strategy for the prophylaxis of free radical damage and related multiorgan complications.

Highlights

Over the last few decades, we have observed a steady growth in the frequency of obesity occurrence, among adults and in children and adolescents
+Data are presented as median value and interquartile ranges (1Q–3Q); ++data are presented as mean value and standard deviation (SD); ∗p < 0 05; Body mass index (BMI): body mass index; BMI z-score: a normalized relative weight indicator independent of age and sex
+Data are presented as median value and interquartile ranges (1Q–3Q); ++data are presented as mean value and standard deviation (SD); ∗p < 0 05; Total oxidant capacity (TOC): total oxidant capacity; TAC: total antioxidant capacity; ox-LDL: oxidized low-density lipoprotein; Oxidative stress index (OSI): oxidative stress index; CRP: C-reactive protein

Summary

Introduction

Over the last few decades, we have observed a steady growth in the frequency of obesity occurrence, among adults and in children and adolescents. Proinflammatory mediators released from adipose tissue cannot only cause direct endothelial damage and generate excess free radical formation. Such activities are exhibited by, for example, TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor alpha), Il-6 (interleukin 6), CRP (C-reactive protein), leptin, and resistin [8]. The formation of reactive oxygen (ROS) and nitric oxide (NOS) species is an intrinsic phenomenon accompanying biochemical changes occurring in the human body, which has developed mechanisms to protect biomolecules from the deleterious effects of free radicals [9] These include the enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and water and lipid-soluble. The aim of our study was to assess the severity of oxidative processes (TOC, ox-LDL, and OSI) as well as total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in children with obesity aged 2–10 years

Materials and Methods

Results

Discussion

Conflicts of Interest