Abstract
Let G = ( V , E ) be a graph without an isolated vertex. A set D ⊆ V ( G ) is a total dominating set if D is dominating, and the induced subgraph G [ D ] does not contain an isolated vertex. The total domination number of G is the minimum cardinality of a total dominating set of G . A set D ⊆ V ( G ) is a total outer-connected dominating set if D is total dominating, and the induced subgraph G [ V ( G ) − D ] is a connected graph. The total outer-connected domination number of G is the minimum cardinality of a total outer-connected dominating set of G . We characterize trees with equal total domination and total outer-connected domination numbers. We give a lower bound for the total outer-connected domination number of trees and we characterize the extremal trees.
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