Total laparoscopic hysterectomy for uterine pathology: Impact of body mass index on outcomes

Abstract

Objective. We sought to analyze surgical results of women with uterine cancers having TLH ± staging, stratifying data by body mass index (BMI). Methods. This is a retrospective analysis of data from 9 years, using Pearson and Spearman correlations, ANOVA and Fisher's Exact Test with significance at P < 0.05, stratifying by BMI (kg/m 2): underweight (<18.5 kg/m 2), ideal (18.5–24.9 kg/m 2), overweight (25 to 29.9 kg/m 2), obese (30 to 39.9 kg/m 2) and morbidly obese (40 kg/m 2 or more). Results. Of 702 patients having TLH over 9 years, 90 patients had uterine pathology. Two (2%) procedures were converted to laparotomy due to unsuspected widespread metastasis and excluded from analysis. BMI ranged from 18 to 60 kg/m 2, with 31 patients having ideal, 19 having overweight and 38 having obese BMI. Of these, 19 patients had hyperplasia, while 63 had endometrial carcinoma, 1 had both ovarian and endometrial carcinoma and 5 had sarcoma. Of these 88 patients, 61 had TLH while 27 patients had indicated pelvic and aortic node dissection. The mean age was 60 years, and mean parity was 1.5 for all BMI groups. There were no significant differences in mean duration of surgery (150 min), blood loss (129 cm 3) and days in hospital (1.7 days) for all BMI groups. There was no significant difference in uterine weight (140 gm) or number of nodes dissected (21 nodes). Complications occurred in 4 patients (4.5%): 1 diverticulitis, 1 ureteral injury, 1 laparotomy for bleeding and 1 incisional hernia. Conclusions. Total laparoscopic hysterectomy is feasible and safe for women with uterine neoplasia for every BMI category and extends the benefits of minimally invasive hysterectomy to more women, regardless of BMI.