Total Knee Replacement in Valgus Knee

Abstract

Total knee replacement (TKR) in valgus knee patients presents unique challenges and requires careful consideration of various factors to ensure optimal outcomes. Valgus knee deformity can be associated with various underlying conditions, including autoimmune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis. Nearly 10% of patients undergoing total knee replacement have valgus knee deformity, which is associated with poorer functional outcomes than varus knees. When planning TKR procedures for patients with valgus knee deformity, it is crucial to identify the underlying reason, as the surgical strategy and implant selection may vary according to the individual etiology and patient factor. Proper alignment and stability of the knee joint need precise bone cuts, soft tissue balance, and implant design. Soft tissue balance ensures optimal joint function and range of motion. A comprehensive pre-operative planning process that takes into account these factors is essential for achieving the best possible outcomes and patient satisfaction in TKR for valgus knee patients. Different surgical approaches, such as the medial parapatellar and lateral parapatellar approaches, offer distinct advantages and disadvantages in treating valgus knee patients, and the choice of approach should be based on the surgeon's expertise and the patient's specific anatomy and deformity. For a successful output, the coronal, sagittal, and rotational alignment must be in proper proportion. Therefore, before performing a total knee replacement on a valgus knee, it is necessary to have a thorough understanding of the problem and the treatment options available.