Total intestinal aganglionosis: A new technique for prolonged survival

Abstract

Total small bowel aganglionosis is uniformly fatal; and prolonged nutritional treatment for the resulting severe short bowel syndrome in the absence of a therapy designed to achieve a functional bowel length has not been warranted. We report an operative technique, long segment small bowel myectomymyotomy, which has produced a functioning length of intestine capable of supporting ever increasing amounts of enteral nutrition. A term female was noted to have neonatal intestinal obstruction, and two laparotomies proved total colonic and near-total small bowel aganglionosis. At 2 months of age reoperation was done and the aganglionosis was proved to extend to 7 cm below the ligament of Treitz. From this transition zone to 10 cm distally, a myectomy was done removing a 1 cm wide length of seromuscular tissue to the level of the submucosa. From the distal end of the myectomy, another 40 cm of bowel received an antimesenteric border myotomy cutting to the submucosal level followed by spreading of the cut surface to a width of 1 cm. This left the patient with 55 to 60 cm of small bowel from the ligament of Treitz to the end of the myotomy at which point an end ostomy was created. The remainder of the small bowel was excised and the colon exteriorized as a mucous fistula. The patient was continued on total parenteral nutrition alone for ten days at which time small volume enteral feeds were introduced. By 5 months of age, 25% of calories were enteral; by 6 months, 33% of calories were enteral; and by 8 months, 45% of intake was enteral.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)