Abstract
BackgroundSterilization clinics often occur in remote places where anesthesia machines and compressed oxygen are unavailable. This study describes the use of total injectable anesthesia in dogs and cats presented for sterilization in a remote location.ResultsA total of 100 animals were sterilized; 26 female cats (CF), 22 male cats (CM), 28 female dogs (DF), and 24 male dogs (DM). CF were anesthetized with dexmedetomidine (20 mcg/kg), ketamine (8 mg/kg) and hydromorphone (0.1 mg/kg) IM. CM were anesthetized with dexmedetomidine (15 mcg/kg), ketamine (5 mg/kg) and hydromorphone (0.1 mg/kg) IM. Insufficient anesthesia in cats was treated with alfaxalone (1 mg/kg) IM. All cats were administered meloxicam at 0.3 mg/kg SQ. DF were anesthetized with dexmedetomidine (15 mcg/kg), ketamine (7–10 mg/kg) and hydromorphone (0.1 mg/kg) IM. DM were anesthetized with dexmedetomidine (15 mcg/kg), ketamine (5 mg/kg) and hydromorphone (0.1 mg/kg) IM. All dogs had IV catheter and endotracheal tube placed. If SpO2 < 91%, ventilation was assisted with an Ambu bag. Insufficient anesthesia in dogs was treated with alfaxalone (1 mg/kg) IV. All dogs were administered meloxicam at 0.2 mg/kg SQ. Following surgery, atipamezole (0.05–0.1 mg/kg) IM was administered to any patient that did not have voluntary movement. All patients survived and were discharged. Less than 25% of cats and male dogs required supplemental anesthesia. Fifty seven percent of female dogs required supplemental anesthesia. More than 89% of patients (in any group) required atipamezole administration. One cat recovered with agitation and hyperthermia (41.1C/ 106F). Some dogs required ventilatory assistance to remain normoxemic while anesthetized.ConclusionTotal injectable anesthesia can be accomplished for remote location sterilization clinics with minimal morbidity.
Highlights
Sterilization clinics often occur in remote places where anesthesia machines and compressed oxygen are unavailable
None of the cats required ventilatory support via Ambu bag and endotracheal tube placement based on Respiratory rate (RR) and Sp02%
The data presented supports the hypothesis that anesthesia for spay/castration clinics can be accomplished in remote locations where anesthesia machines and/or oxygen is not available
Summary
Sterilization clinics often occur in remote places where anesthesia machines and compressed oxygen are unavailable. This study describes the use of total injectable anesthesia in dogs and cats presented for sterilization in a remote location. Posner et al BMC Veterinary Research (2020) 16:304 These guidelines assume access to equipment that might not be available in some remote locations, such as compressed gasses (e.g. oxygen) or anesthesia machines [1, 2]. Isabela Island is the largest of the Galapagos Islands, but has a population of only about 1800 people [7], and is accessible primarily by boat On islands such as this, getting all the equipment necessary for a sterilization clinic presents a significant logistical issue. The aim was to describe the use of total injectable anesthesia in dogs and cats presented for surgical sterilization in a remote location
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