Abstract
The objective of this study was to compare the level of total antioxidant status (TAS) in type 2 diabetic and normal Palestinian subjects as well as the major factors influencing TAS levels. A sample of convenience composed of 212 type 2 diabetic and 208 normal subjects above the age of 40 were recruited. Only 9.8% of the subjects had normal body mass index (BMI) levels (<25), 29% were overweight (≥25 to <30), and 61.2% were obese (≥30). The mean levels of TAS were significantly higher in diabetic compared to control subjects (2.18 versus 1.84 mM Trolox, P = 0.001) and in hypertensive subjects compared to subjects with normal blood pressure (BP). Mean TAS levels were higher in obese compared to nonobese subjects (2.12 versus 1.85 mM Trolox, P = 0.001). Mean TAS levels were similarly higher in subjects with high fasting plasma glucose (FPG) compared to normal FPG (2.19 versus 1.90 mM Trolox) and high HbA1c (≥6.5%) compared to HbA1c < 6.5% (2.14 versus 1.91 mM Trolox). Multivariate analysis revealed that only diabetic status (P = 0.032) and the level of education (P = 0.036) were significantly associated with TAS. In conclusion diabetic patients had 18.5% increase in TAS levels compared to control subjects.
Highlights
The prevalence of diabetes in the Middle East countries is among the highest in the world [1, 2]
In this study we investigated for the first time the association of total antioxidant status (TAS) in Palestinian type 2 diabetic subjects with several environmental and biochemical parameters known to affect or be affected by diabetes
Our data showed that 64% of subjects with family history for diabetes developed diabetes compared to 31% for those subjects with no such family history for diabetes
Summary
The prevalence of diabetes in the Middle East countries is among the highest in the world [1, 2]. The prevalence of diabetes among the Palestinian population is about 12% [3, 4] compared with the highest (about 20%) in the United Arab Emirates [5, 6]. Four of the top ten countries with the highest prevalence of prediabetes are in the Middle East Arab states of the Gulf (Kuwait, Qatar, United Arab Emirates (UAE), and Bahrin with prevalence of 17.9%, 17.1%, 16.6%, and 16.3%, resp.) [2]. Excess generation of free radicals has been associated with tissue damage and complications in diabetic patients [10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19]
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