Abstract
UDK 631.453(497.5)
 It is well known that soil properties, metal speciation and plant species, especially soil- plant interactions, determine the availability of metals in soils. Therefore, various one- step extraction methods such as EDTA and DTPA have been used to represent the available fraction. In present study we observed the total (aqua regia) and available fraction (EDTA and DTPA) of toxic trace elements (Co, Cd, Cr and Pb) from soil on two farms (Berak and Vinogradci) in eastern Croatia that have different soil properties. The study included 106 soil samples from soil depth 0-30 cm that were collected during 2013- 2014. Samples were analyzed for standard soil properties (pH, organic matter, AL-P, AL- K) as well as for total and available fractions of toxic trace elements. Analyses of main soil properties show vide variety of soils. Soil pH (in H2O) was in range 4.4-8.6 (avg: 6.5), thus sampling sites included range from very acid to alkaline soils. Farm in Berak (average pH was 7.2) had more alkaline soils while farm in Vinogradci was acidic (average pH was 5.9). Organic matter varied from 1.1-2.8% (avg: 1.9), average phosphorous was 17.4 mg/100g and potassium 20.9 mg/100g. Total concentration of trace elements extracted by aqua regia show satisfactory results as not one sample had elevated levels of toxic trace elements (Co, Cd, Cr and Pb). In that regard all sites satisfy Croatian regulation on pollutants in agricultural fields. However, EDTA and DTPA extractions show higher availability of Cr, Co and Pb for both extractions (EDTA and DTPA) at farm in Vinogradci where soils are more acidic compared to farm Berak. Only available Cd was shown to be higher in Berak than in Vinogradci.
Highlights
In most legislation maximum permissible concentrations (MPC) of trace elements are defined by total concentrations in soil
Soil pH have shown to have a significant impact on available fraction of trace elements (Ivezić et al, 2012; Lončarić et al, 2008) in present study we have observed relationship between total concentration, extracted by aqua regia, and available fractions, represented by EDTA and DTPA extraction methods, on two farms with different soil properties
Soil samples were analyzed for standard soil properties (pH, organic matter, ammonium lactate phosphorous (AL P2O5), ammonium lactate potassium (AL K2O)) as well as for total, EDTA and DTPA extractable toxic trace elements (Co, Cd, Cr and Pb)
Summary
In most legislation maximum permissible concentrations (MPC) of trace elements are defined by total concentrations in soil. Previous studies of trace elements in this area have shown that there is a significant correlation between available factions (EDTA) and total concentrations (HCl extraction) (Lončarić et al, 2008). Soil pH have shown to have a significant impact on available fraction of trace elements (Ivezić et al, 2012; Lončarić et al, 2008) in present study we have observed relationship between total concentration, extracted by aqua regia, and available fractions, represented by EDTA and DTPA extraction methods, on two farms with different soil properties (acid and alkaline soils). The aim of our study was to investigate two extraction methods of available fractions under different soil pH conditions
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