Tos ferina: cambios en la epidemiología. España 2000-2011

Abstract

Although the pertussis vaccine was available since 60 years and had achieved high vaccination coverage, in Spain, in recent years had increased both the number of cases as the number of outbreaks. Pertussis affects especially the age group of less than one year of age, mainly children under 6 months. ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to analyse the epidemiology of the pertussis disease during the last years in Spain. Material and methodsReported cases of pertussis were collected from the National Center of Epidemiology, hospital admission data from the Basic Minimum Data set and mortality data from the National Statistical Institute.Immunization coverage and reported cases of pertussis during 2000-2011 were analysed. Incidence per 100.000 population was calculated. ResultsVaccination rate during 2000-2011 was high in primary dose and also for the first booster dose in children aged 4-6 years. In 2006, 92% maximum coverage, a figure that fell to 80% in 2011, was observed.Mortality rates have increased in the last years.From 2011, an increase in pertussis incidence was observed in several Autonomous Communities of Spain, with differences between them.The distribution by age groups shows the highest incidence in children under one year and the increasing tendency of the age group >15 years. Groups 15-49 years and ≥50 years have shown in recent years a significant growth ConclusionsIt is recommended to prioritize vaccination of pregnant women to reduce transmission to infants and to reduce the incidence in this age group; in addition, other actions are important such as the cocoon strategy or vaccination of adolescents.