Abstract
Pure torsional shear tests of joints glued with two different aerospace grade adhesives were performed using a specifically designed and constructed torsional shear test equipment. The developed test equipment allows for measuring of pure torsional shear strength under cryogenic and at elevated temperature conditions. The adhesives Hysol EA 9321 and 3M Scotch-Weld EC-9323-2 B/A were used to join steel torsional shear test specimens. Torsional shear tests were performed from -180°C to 150°C. In addition torsional shear fatigue tests were also performed at various loads and the effect of cryogenic aging (cyclic cooling and warming) on the torsional strength of the joints was investigated. The results showed that both sets of adhesive joints achieved three times higher torsional shear strength at -180°C compared to room temperature.
Highlights
Joining of materials is becoming a field of increased importance as more and more complex engineering solutions are found to today’s challenges
With our results it is difficult to be able to determine if there is a direct mathematical correlation fitting to the change in behaviour observed, this is in part due to the limited number of specimens tested. Other effects such as the presence of voids or bubbles in the adhesive can be even more critical in this type of test than in direct torsional shear strength measurements as these defects can cause initialization of critical failure origins with time. This testing was carried out as a feasibility study to assess the suitability of the torsional shear test equipment for performing shear fatigue, the results indicate it is a useful tool for making these measurements
We have developed and verified a torsional shear setup using model steel-epoxy adhesive systems allowing the measurement of pure shear
Summary
Joining of materials is becoming a field of increased importance as more and more complex engineering solutions are found to today’s challenges. Advances in adhesive technologies in the last decade have led to a significant increase in the use of aluminium and composite materials in lightweight structures, especially in the automotive and aerospace sectors, which are not always easy to join by other technologies, e.g. riveting, brazing and soldering [1,2,3]. As more complex high performance structures are being manufactured using this type of adhesive, it becomes more important to characterize joints accurately and over a wide application temperature range. In the automotive sector typical vehicle testing is performed from -40 ̊C to 80 ̊C [5], whilst in the aerospace sector the desire is to have more accurate mechanical data of adhesive joints over an even greater temperature range.
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